:nth-child() Selector

Categories: Selectors > Child Filter

nth-child selector

version added: 1.1.4jQuery(':nth-child(index/even/odd/equation)')

index

每个相匹配子元素的所引值，从1开始，也可以是字符串 even 或 odd，或一个方程式( 例如 :nth-child(even), :nth-child(4n) )。

Description: 选择其父元素下的第N个子或奇偶元素。

因为jQuery的实现:nth-child(n)是严格来自CSS规范，n值是“1索引”，也就是说，从1开始计数。对于所有其他选择器表达式，但是，jQuery遵循JavaScript的“0索引”的计数。因此，给定一个单一<ul>包含两个<li>， $('li:nth-child(1)')选择第一个<li>，而$('li:eq(1)')选择第二个。

:nth-child(n)伪类很容易混淆:eq(n)，即使两个可能导致完全不同的匹配的元素。用:nth-child(n) ，所有子元素都计算在内，不管它们是什么，并且指定的元素被选中仅匹配连接到伪类选择器。而:eq(n)只有类选择附加到伪类计算在内，不限于任何其他元素的孩子，而且第（n +1）个一（n是基于0）被选中。

这个不寻常的用法，可进一步讨论中找到 W3C CSS specification.

Examples:

Example: Finds the second li in each matched ul and notes it.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <style>

  div { float:left; }
  span { color:blue; }
  </style>
  <script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-latest.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
  <div><ul>
    <li>John</li>
    <li>Karl</li>
    <li>Brandon</li>

  </ul></div>
  <div><ul>
    <li>Sam</li>
  </ul></div>

  <div><ul>
    <li>Glen</li>
    <li>Tane</li>
    <li>Ralph</li>

    <li>David</li>
  </ul></div>
<script>$("ul li:nth-child(2)").append("<span> - 2nd!</span>");</script>

</body>
</html>

Demo:

Example: This is a playground to see how the selector works with different strings. Notice that this is different from the :even and :odd which have no regard for parent and just filter the list of elements to every other one. The :nth-child, however, counts the index of the child to its particular parent. In any case, it's easier to see than explain so...

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <style>
  button { display:block; font-size:12px; width:100px; }
  div { float:left; margin:10px; font-size:10px; 
        border:1px solid black; }
  span { color:blue; font-size:18px; }
  #inner { color:red; }
  td { width:50px; text-align:center; }
  </style>
  <script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-latest.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
  <div>
    <button>:nth-child(even)</button>
    <button>:nth-child(odd)</button>
    <button>:nth-child(3n)</button>

    <button>:nth-child(2)</button>
  </div>
  <div>
    <button>:nth-child(3n+1)</button>
    <button>:nth-child(3n+2)</button>

    <button>:even</button>
    <button>:odd</button>
  </div>
  <div><table>

    <tr><td>John</td></tr>
    <tr><td>Karl</td></tr>
    <tr><td>Brandon</td></tr>

    <tr><td>Benjamin</td></tr>
  </table></div>
  <div><table>
    <tr><td>Sam</td></tr>

  </table></div>
  <div><table>
    <tr><td>Glen</td></tr>
    <tr><td>Tane</td></tr>

    <tr><td>Ralph</td></tr>
    <tr><td>David</td></tr>
    <tr><td>Mike</td></tr>

    <tr><td>Dan</td></tr>
  </table></div>
  <span>
    tr<span id="inner"></span>

  </span>
<script>
    $("button").click(function () {
      var str = $(this).text();
      $("tr").css("background", "white");
      $("tr" + str).css("background", "#ff0000");
      $("#inner").text(str);
    });

</script>

</body>
</html>