mysql批量更新多条记录的同一个字段为不同值的方法
首先mysql更新数据的某个字段,一般这样写:
UPDATE mytable SET myfield = 'value' WHERE other_field = 'other_value';
也可以这样用in指定要更新的记录:
UPDATE mytable SET myfield = 'value' WHERE other_field in ('other_values');
这里注意 ‘other_values' 是一个逗号(,)分隔的字符串,如:1,2,3
如果更新多条数据而且每条记录要更新的值不同,可能很多人会这样写:
foreach ($values as $id => $myvalue) { $sql = "UPDATE mytable SET myfield = $myvalue WHERE id = $id"; mysql_query($sql); }
即是循环一条一条的更新记录。一条记录update一次,这样性能很差,也很容易造成阻塞。
那么能不能一条sql语句实现批量更新呢?
mysql并没有提供直接的方法来实现批量更新,但是可以用点小技巧来实现。
UPDATE mytable SET myfield = CASE id WHEN 1 THEN 'myvalue1' WHEN 2 THEN 'myvalue2' WHEN 3 THEN 'myvalue3' END WHERE other_field ('other_values')
如果where条件查询出记录的id不在CASE范围内,myfield将被设置为空。
如果更新多个值的话,只需要稍加修改:
UPDATE mytable SET myfield1 = CASE id WHEN 1 THEN 'myvalue11' WHEN 2 THEN 'myvalue12' WHEN 3 THEN 'myvalue13' END, myfield2 = CASE id WHEN 1 THEN 'myvalue21' WHEN 2 THEN 'myvalue22' WHEN 3 THEN 'myvalue23' END WHERE id IN (1,2,3)
这里以php为例,构造这两条mysql语句:
1、更新多条单个字段为不同值, mysql模式
$ids_values = array( 1 => 11, 2 => 22, 3 => 33, 4 => 44, 5 => 55, 6 => 66, 7 => 77, 8 => 88, ); $ids = implode(',', array_keys($ids_values )); $sql = "UPDATE mytable SET myfield = CASE id "; foreach ($ids_values as $id=> $myvalue) { $sql .= sprintf("WHEN %d THEN %d ", $id, $myvalue); } $sql .= "END WHERE id IN ($ids)"; echo $sql.";<br/>";
输出:
UPDATE mytable SET myfield = CASE id WHEN 1 THEN 11 WHEN 2 THEN 22 WHEN 3 THEN 33 WHEN 4 THEN 44 WHEN 5 THEN 55 WHEN 6 THEN 66 WHEN 7 THEN 77 WHEN 8 THEN 88 END WHERE id IN (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8);
2、更新多个字段为不同值, PDO模式
$data = array(array('id' => 1, 'myfield1val' => 11, 'myfield2val' => 111), array('id' => 2, 'myfield1val' => 22, 'myfield2val' => 222)); $where_in_ids = implode(',', array_map(function($v) {return ":id_" . $v['id'];}, $data)); $update_sql = 'UPDATE mytable SET'; $params = array(); $update_sql .= ' myfield1 = CASE id'; foreach($data as $key => $item) { $update_sql .= " WHEN :id_" . $key . " THEN :myfield1val_" . $key . " "; $params[":id_" . $key] = $item['id']; $params[":myfield1val_" . $key] = $item['myfield1val']; } $update_sql .= " END"; $update_sql .= ',myfield2 = CASE id'; foreach($data as $key => $item) { $update_sql .= " WHEN :id_" . $key . " THEN :myfield2val_" . $key . " "; $params[":id_" . $key] = $item['id']; $params[":myfield1va2_" . $key] = $item['myfield2val']; } $update_sql .= " END"; $update_sql .= " WHERE id IN (" . $where_in_ids . ")"; echo $update_sql.";<br/>"; var_dump($params);
输出:
UPDATE mytable SET myfield1 = CASE id WHEN :id_0 THEN :myfield1val_0 WHEN :id_1 THEN :myfield1val_1 END,myfield2 = CASE id WHEN :id_0 THEN :myfield2val_0 WHEN :id_1 THEN :myfield2val_1 END WHERE id IN (:id_1,:id_2); array (size=6) ':id_0' => int 1 ':myfield1val_0' => int 11 ':id_1' => int 2 ':myfield1val_1' => int 22 ':myfield1va2_0' => int 111 ':myfield1va2_1' => int 222
另外三种批量更新方式
1. replace into 批量更新
replace into mytable(id, myfield) values (1,'value1'),(2,'value2'),(3,'value3');
2. insert into ...on duplicate key update批量更新
insert into mytable(id, myfield1, myfield2) values (1,'value11','value21'),(2,'value12','value22'),(3,'value13','value23') on duplicate key update myfield1=values(myfield2),values(myfield2)+values(id);
3. 临时表
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `tmptable`; create temporary table tmptable(id int(4) primary key,myfield varchar(50)); insert into tmptable values (1,'value1'),(2,'value2'),(3,'value3'); update mytable, tmptable set mytable.myfield = tmptable.myfield where mytable.id = tmptable.id;
- 【replace into】和【insert into】更新都依赖于主键或唯一值,并都可能造成新增记录的操作的结构隐患
- 【replace into】操作本质是对重复记录先delete然后insert,如果更新的字段不全缺失的字段将被设置成缺省值
- 【insert into】则只是update重复的记录,更改的字段只能依循公式值
- 【临时表】方式需要用户有temporary 表的create 权限
- 数量较少时【replace into】和【insert into】性能最好,数量大时【临时表】最好,【CASE】则具有通用型也不具结构隐患
总结
以上就是这篇文章的全部内容了,希望本文的内容对大家的学习或者工作能带来一定的帮助,如果有疑问大家可以留言交流。
相关文章
MySQL分表实现上百万上千万记录分布存储的批量查询设计模式详解
本篇文章是对使用MySQL分表实现上百万上千万记录分布存储的批量查询设计模式进行了详细的分析介绍,需要的朋友参考下2013-06-06
最新评论