MySQL的几种安装方式及配置问题小结

# 下载安装源
[root@localhost src]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
# 安装源
[root@localhost src]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm

[root@localhost /]# yum install -y mysql-community-server
# 查看安装后的文件路径
[root@localhost /]# which mysql mysqld_safe mysqlbinlog mysqldump
/usr/bin/mysql
/usr/bin/mysqld_safe
/usr/bin/mysqlbinlog
/usr/bin/mysqldump

[root@localhost /]# rpm -ql openssl
/etc/pki/tls/misc/c_hash
/etc/pki/tls/misc/c_info
/etc/pki/tls/misc/c_issuer
/etc/pki/tls/misc/c_name
/usr/bin/openssl
/usr/share/doc/openssl-1.0.1e
/usr/share/doc/openssl-1.0.1e/CHANGES
.......

# 安装编译所需的软件包
[root@localhost src]# yum install -y make gcc-c++ cmake bison-devel ncurses-devel gcc autoconf automake zlib* fiex* libxml*
# 下载源码
[root@localhost src]# wget https://cdn.mysql.com//archives/mysql-5.6/mysql-5.6.24.tar.gz
# 解压源码包
[root@localhost src]# tar xvf mysql-5.6.24.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# cd mysql-5.6.24
# 进行编译配置，这个过程将耗时3~5分钟
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.24]# cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql/data \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci
# 编译并且安装
# 编译过程大约需要30~50分钟
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.24]# make
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.24]# make install
# 设置MySQL用户和组
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.24]# groupadd mysql
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.24]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.24]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
# 设置权限以便mysql能修改文件
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql ./
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/data
# 初始化数据库
# 需要注意的是此处设置的数据目录应该与之前的MYSQL_DATADIR指定的目录相同
[root@localhost mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql -ldata=/data/mysql/data
# 恢复权限设置，并修改相应目录的权限以便mysql修改
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R root ./
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql data

cd /usr/local/mysql/
#去掉配置文件中的注释行仅显示有效行
grep -v "^#" my.cnf
#将启动脚本放到/etc/init.d目录中
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
#将mysql添加为系统服务
chkconfig --add mysqld
service mysqld start
#此时MySQL的root用户还没有密码，应该为其设置密码
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -h 192.168.146.150 -p
#由于还没有设置密码因此直接按下Enter键即可
#设置root用户的密码为888888
set password = password('888888');
#设置完成后输入quit退出
quit

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -S /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock