在 CentOS 7 中安装 MySQL 8 的教程详解

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
# 或者 wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
sudo yum update
sudo rpm -ivh mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm

# 安装
sudo yum -y install mysql-community-server
# 启动守护进程
sudo systemctl start mysqld
# 查看状态
sudo systemctl status mysqld
# 查看版本
mysql -V

mysql -u root -p
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'your passowrd';
# ALTER USER 'root'@ IDENTIFIED BY 'your passowrd';

# 创建本地用户
CREATE USER 'user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
# 新建远程用户
CREATE USER 'user'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
# 新建数据库
CREATE DATABASE test_db;
# 查看用户权限
SHOW GRANTS FOR 'user'@'%';
# 赋予用户指定数据库远程访问权限
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON test_db.* TO 'user'@'%';
# 赋予用户对所有数据库远程访问权限
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'user'@'%';
# 赋予用户对所有数据库本地访问权限
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'user'@'localhost';
# 刷新权限
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

# 收回权限
REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* FROM 'test'@'%';
# 删除本地用户
DROP USER 'user'@'localhost';
# 删除远程用户
DROP USER 'user'@'%';
# 刷新权限
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

use mysql;
select host, user, authentication_string, plugin from user;

# 授权
GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'root'@'%';
# 刷新
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'your password';

default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password

firewall-cmd --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload

mysql> show variables like 'charac%';
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+
| Variable_name  | Value    |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8mb4   |
| character_set_connection | utf8mb4   |
| character_set_database | utf8mb4   |
| character_set_filesystem | binary    |
| character_set_results | utf8mb4   |
| character_set_server | utf8mb4   |
| character_set_system | utf8    |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql-8.0/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+

mysql> show character set like 'utf8%';
+---------+---------------+--------------------+--------+
| Charset | Description | Default collation | Maxlen |
+---------+---------------+--------------------+--------+
| utf8 | UTF-8 Unicode | utf8_general_ci | 3 |
| utf8mb4 | UTF-8 Unicode | utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci | 4 |
+---------+---------------+--------------------+--------+

# 查看配置文件位置
whereis my.cnf

# 打开文件
vi /etc/my.cnf

[client]
default-character-set=utf8mb4

[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8mb4
collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci

sudo systemctl restart mysqld

show variables like 'charac%';