用Python获取摄像头并实时控制人脸的实现示例

from time import sleep

import cv2
import numpy as np
from PIL import Image
from imutils import face_utils, resize

try:
  from dlib import get_frontal_face_detector, shape_predictor
except ImportError:
  raise

class DynamicStreamMaskService(object):
  """
  动态黏贴面具服务
  """

  def __init__(self, saved=False):
    self.saved = saved # 是否保存图片
    self.listener = True # 启动参数
    self.video_capture = cv2.VideoCapture(0) # 调用本地摄像头
    self.doing = False # 是否进行面部面具
    self.speed = 0.1 # 面具移动速度
    self.detector = get_frontal_face_detector() # 面部识别器
    self.predictor = shape_predictor("shape_predictor_68_face_landmarks.dat") # 面部分析器
    self.fps = 4 # 面具存在时间基础时间
    self.animation_time = 0 # 动画周期初始值
    self.duration = self.fps * 4 # 动画周期最大值
    self.fixed_time = 4 # 画图之后，停留时间
    self.max_width = 500 # 图像大小
    self.deal, self.text, self.cigarette = None, None, None # 面具对象

def read_data(self):
  """
  从摄像头获取视频流，并转换为一帧一帧的图像
  :return: 返回一帧一帧的图像信息
  """
  _, data = self.video_capture.read()
  return data

def get_glasses_info(self, face_shape, face_width):
  """
  获取当前面部的眼镜信息
  :param face_shape:
  :param face_width:
  :return:
  """
  left_eye = face_shape[36:42]
  right_eye = face_shape[42:48]

  left_eye_center = left_eye.mean(axis=0).astype("int")
  right_eye_center = right_eye.mean(axis=0).astype("int")

  y = left_eye_center[1] - right_eye_center[1]
  x = left_eye_center[0] - right_eye_center[0]
  eye_angle = np.rad2deg(np.arctan2(y, x))

  deal = self.deal.resize(
    (face_width, int(face_width * self.deal.size[1] / self.deal.size[0])),
    resample=Image.LANCZOS)

  deal = deal.rotate(eye_angle, expand=True)
  deal = deal.transpose(Image.FLIP_TOP_BOTTOM)

  left_eye_x = left_eye[0, 0] - face_width // 4
  left_eye_y = left_eye[0, 1] - face_width // 6

  return {"image": deal, "pos": (left_eye_x, left_eye_y)}

def get_cigarette_info(self, face_shape, face_width):
  """
  获取当前面部的烟卷信息
  :param face_shape:
  :param face_width:
  :return:
  """
  mouth = face_shape[49:68]
  mouth_center = mouth.mean(axis=0).astype("int")
  cigarette = self.cigarette.resize(
    (face_width, int(face_width * self.cigarette.size[1] / self.cigarette.size[0])),
    resample=Image.LANCZOS)
  x = mouth[0, 0] - face_width + int(16 * face_width / self.cigarette.size[0])
  y = mouth_center[1]
  return {"image": cigarette, "pos": (x, y)}

def orientation(self, rects, img_gray):
  """
  人脸定位
  :return:
  """
  faces = []
  for rect in rects:
    face = {}
    face_shades_width = rect.right() - rect.left()
    predictor_shape = self.predictor(img_gray, rect)
    face_shape = face_utils.shape_to_np(predictor_shape)
    face['cigarette'] = self.get_cigarette_info(face_shape, face_shades_width)
    face['glasses'] = self.get_glasses_info(face_shape, face_shades_width)

    faces.append(face)

  return faces

def listener_keys(self):
  """
  设置键盘监听事件
  :return:
  """
  key = cv2.waitKey(1) & 0xFF
  if key == ord("q"):
    self.listener = False
    self.console("程序退出")
    sleep(1)
    self.exit()

  if key == ord("d"):
    self.doing = not self.doing

def init_mask(self):
  """
  加载面具
  :return:
  """
  self.console("加载面具...")
  self.deal, self.text, self.cigarette = (
    Image.open(x) for x in ["images/deals.png", "images/text.png", "images/cigarette.png"]
  )

def drawing(self, draw_img, faces):
  """
  画图
  :param draw_img:
  :param faces:
  :return:
  """
  for face in faces:
    if self.animation_time < self.duration - self.fixed_time:
      current_x = int(face["glasses"]["pos"][0])
      current_y = int(face["glasses"]["pos"][1] * self.animation_time / (self.duration - self.fixed_time))
      draw_img.paste(face["glasses"]["image"], (current_x, current_y), face["glasses"]["image"])

      cigarette_x = int(face["cigarette"]["pos"][0])
      cigarette_y = int(face["cigarette"]["pos"][1] * self.animation_time / (self.duration - self.fixed_time))
      draw_img.paste(face["cigarette"]["image"], (cigarette_x, cigarette_y),
              face["cigarette"]["image"])
    else:
      draw_img.paste(face["glasses"]["image"], face["glasses"]["pos"], face["glasses"]["image"])
      draw_img.paste(face["cigarette"]["image"], face["cigarette"]["pos"], face["cigarette"]["image"])
      draw_img.paste(self.text, (75, draw_img.height // 2 + 128), self.text)

def start(self):
  """
  启动程序
  :return:
  """
  self.console("程序启动成功.")
  self.init_mask()
  while self.listener:
    frame = self.read_data()
    frame = resize(frame, width=self.max_width)
    img_gray = cv2.cvtColor(frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
    rects = self.detector(img_gray, 0)
    faces = self.orientation(rects, img_gray)
    draw_img = Image.fromarray(cv2.cvtColor(frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB))
    if self.doing:
      self.drawing(draw_img, faces)
      self.animation_time += self.speed
      self.save_data(draw_img)
      if self.animation_time > self.duration:
        self.doing = False
        self.animation_time = 0
      else:
        frame = cv2.cvtColor(np.asarray(draw_img), cv2.COLOR_RGB2BGR)
    cv2.imshow("hello mask", frame)
    self.listener_keys()

def exit(self):
  """
  程序退出
  :return:
  """
  self.video_capture.release()
  cv2.destroyAllWindows()

if __name__ == '__main__':
  ms = DynamicStreamMaskService()
  ms.start()