Django REST framework 视图和路由详解

from rest_framework import serializers
from app01 import models


class CommentSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
  class Meta:
    model = models.Comment
    fields = "__all__"
    extra_kwargs = {
      "content": {"error_messages": {"required": "评论内容不能为空"}},
      "article": {"error_messages": {"required": "文章不能为空"}}
    }


class SchoolSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
  class Meta:
    model = models.School
    fields = "__all__"

from rest_framework.views import APIView
class SchoolView(APIView):
  def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
    query_set = models.School.objects.all()
    ser_obj = app01_serializers.SchoolSerializer(query_set, many=True)
    return Response(ser_obj.data)


class SchoolDetail(APIView):
  def get(self, request, pk, *args, **kwargs):
    obj = models.School.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
    ser_obj = app01_serializers.SchoolSerializer(obj)
    return Response(ser_obj.data)

from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIView # 公共类
from rest_framework.mixins import ListModelMixin, RetrieveModelMixin, CreateModelMixin # 混合类 必须与公共类搭配着使用

class SchoolView(GenericAPIView, mixins.ListModelMixin): # 查看学校列表
  queryset = models.School.objects.all()
  serializer_class = app01_serializers.SchoolSerializer

  def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
    return self.list(request, *args, **kwargs)


class SchoolDetail(GenericAPIView, mixins.RetrieveModelMixin, mixins.CreateModelMixin): # 创建，与具体查出某一条记录
  queryset = models.School.objects.all()
  serializer_class = app01_serializers.SchoolSerializer

  def get(self, request, pk, *args, **kwargs):
    return self.retrieve(request, pk, *args, **kwargs)

  def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
    return self.create(request, *args, **kwargs)

url(r'school/$', views.SchoolView.as_view()),
url(r'school/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', views.SchoolDetail.as_view()),

from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIView, ListCreateAPIView, RetrieveUpdateAPIVie
class SchoolView(ListCreateAPIView): # 创建
  queryset = models.School.objects.all()
  serializer_class = app01_serializers.SchoolSerializer


class SchoolDetail(RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView): # 更新
  queryset = models.School.objects.all()
  serializer_class = app01_serializers.SchoolSerializer

from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet # 里面封装了操作的所有方法，增删改查查
class SchoolView(ModelViewSet):
  queryset = models.School.objects.all()
  serializer_class = app01_serializers.SchoolSerializer

url(r'school/$', views.SchoolView.as_view(actions={
  "get": "list",
  "post": "create",
})),
url(r'school/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', views.SchoolView.as_view(actions={
  'get': 'retrieve',
  'put': 'update',
  'patch': 'partial_update',
  'delete': 'destroy'
})),

from rest_framework.routers import DefaultRouter

router = DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'school', views.SchoolView)
urlpatterns += router.urls