CSS JavaScript 实现菜单功能 改进版
更新时间:2008年12月09日 15:26:55 作者:
通过一个HTML页面简单的实现了菜单功能。但是实际开发当中,如果菜单栏有很多项,频繁的修改HTML,会很繁琐,也容易出错。
改进版本优化了这个问题,通过简单的Javascript代码就可以增加菜单。同时使得HTML页面非常简洁,只需要写2行代码即可!O(∩_∩)O
1.使用前提,在HTML页面中引入一个CSS文件,和一个JavaScript文件。如下:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Menu</TITLE>
<link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="menu.css">
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<div><script src="menu.js"></script></div>
</BODY>
</HTML>
引入CSS文件:<link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="menu.css"> ,menu.css代码见后
引入JavaScript文件:<script src="menu.js"></script>
2.定义菜单代码如下:
if (document.getElementById){
var root = new Root();
var m1 = new Menu("File","alert(this.innerText);");
root.add(m1);
var m11 = new MenuItem("New");
m1.add(m11);
m1.add(new MenuItem("Open","alert('open file');"));
var m12 = new MenuItem("Save");
m1.add(m12);
m1.add(new MenuItem("Save As"));
m1.add(new MenuItem("Close"));
m1.add(new MenuItem(""));
var m2 = new Menu("Edit");
root.add(m2);
root.toString();
}
说明:
1) var root = new Root();
root.toString();
固定格式
2)声明菜单:
var m1 = new Menu("File","alert(this.innerText);");
菜单显示的名称为“File”,onclick事件为alert(this.innerText);
root.add(m1);
第一级菜单(即页面初始显示的菜单)放到root之下,通过add()方法
var m11 = new MenuItem("New"");
m1.add(m11);
声明“File”的子菜单“New”
m1.add(new MenuItem("Open","alert('open file');"));
声明“File”的子菜单“Open”
通过上面的代码即可完成菜单的添加功能。
代码文件:
<1> menu.css
#menubar {
font-family:verdana;
font-size:12px;
margin:1px;
}
#menubar li {
float:left;
position:relative;
text-align:left;
}
/* each menu item style */
#menubar li a {
border-style:none;
color:black;
display:block;
width:150px;
height:20px;
line-height:20px;
padding-left:10px;
text-decoration:none;
}
/* the first level menu which displays default */
#menubar .menuMain{
border-color:#C0C0C0;
border-width:1px;
border-style:solid;
}
/* the first leve style when mouse on it */
#menubar li a:hover{
background-color:#efefef;
text-decoration:underline;
}
/* the second level menu block style */
#menubar li ul{
background-color:#efefef;
border-style:none;
display:none;
position:absolute;
top:20px;
left:-40px;
margin-top:2px;
width:150px;
}
/* the sub menu item style when mouse on it */
#menubar li ul li a:hover {
text-decoration:underline;
padding-left:20px;
}
/* the third or more level menu block style */
#menubar li ul li ul {
display:none;
position:absolute;
top:0px;
left:150px;
margin-top:0;
margin-left:0;
width:150px;
}
<2>menu.js
var MenuConfig = {
defaultText : "Menu Item",
defaultAction : "javascript:void(0);" ,
defaultMenuCssStyle : "menuMain"
};
var MenuHandler = {
idCounter : 0,
idPrefix : "menu-",
getId : function(){ return this.idPrefix + this.idCounter++ ;},
insertHTMLBeforeEnd : function(node, sHTML){
if(node.insertAdjacentHTML != null){
node.insertAdjacentHTML('BeforeEnd',sHTML);
return;
}
var df; // DocumentFragment
var r = node.ownerDocument.createRange();
r.selectNodeContents(node);
r.collapse(false);
df = r.createContextualFragment(sHTML);
node.appendChild(df);
}
}
function displaySubMenu(li){
var subMenu = li.getElementsByTagName('ul')[0];
if(subMenu)
subMenu.style.display = 'block';
}
function hideSubMenu(li){
var subMenu = li.getElementsByTagName('ul')[0];
if(subMenu)
subMenu.style.display = 'none';
}
/******************************************
* Funciont Name: MenuAbstractNode
* Description: MenuAbstractNode class
* @param {String} pText
* @param {String} pAction
* @Return:
*******************************************/
function MenuAbstractNode(pText, pAction){
this.text = pText || MenuConfig.defaultText;
this.action = pAction || MenuConfig.defaultAction;
this.id = MenuHandler.getId();
this.childNodes = [];
}
MenuAbstractNode.prototype.add = function(node){
this.childNodes[this.childNodes.length] = node;
}
/******************************************
* Funciont Name: toString
* Description: generate HTML code
* @param
* @param
* @Return:
*******************************************/
MenuAbstractNode.prototype.toString = function(){
var str = "<li id=\"" + this.id + "\" onmouseover=\"displaySubMenu(this)\" onmouseout=\"hideSubMenu(this)\"><a href=\"#\"";
if(this.type=="Menu"){
str = str + " class=\"" + this.cssStyle + "\"";
}
str = str + " onclick=\""+this.action+"\">"+this.text+"</a>";
var sb = [];
for (var i = 0; i < this.childNodes.length; i++) {
sb[i] = this.childNodes[i].toString();
}
if(sb.length>0){
str = str + "<ul>" + sb.join("") + "</ul>"
}
return str + "</li>" ;
}
/******************************************
* Funciont Name: Menu
* Description: Menu class
* @param {String} pText
* @param {String} pAction
* @param {String} pCssStyle
* @Return:
*******************************************/
function Menu(pText, pAction,pCssStyle){
this.base = MenuAbstractNode;
this.base(pText,pAction);
this.type = "Menu";
this.cssStyle = pCssStyle || MenuConfig.defaultMenuCssStyle;
}
Menu.prototype = new MenuAbstractNode;
/******************************************
* Funciont Name: MenuItem
* Description: MenuItem class
* @param {String} pText
* @param {String} pAction
* @Return:
*******************************************/
function MenuItem(pText, pAction){
this.base = MenuAbstractNode;
this.base(pText,pAction);
this.type = "MenuItem";
}
MenuItem.prototype = new MenuAbstractNode;
/******************************************
* Funciont Name: Root
* Description: Root class
* @Return:
*******************************************/
function Root(){
this.id = "menubar";
this.childNodes=[];
}
Root.prototype = new MenuAbstractNode;
Root.prototype.toString = function(){
document.write("<div id='menu'><ul id=\""+root.id+"\"> </ul> </div>");
for(var i=0; i<this.childNodes.length; i++){
MenuHandler.insertHTMLBeforeEnd(document.getElementById(root.id), this.childNodes[i].toString());
}
}
if (document.getElementById){
var root = new Root();
var m1 = new Menu("File","alert(this.innerText);");
root.add(m1);
var m11 = new MenuItem("New","alert(this.innerText);");
m1.add(m11);
m1.add(new MenuItem("Open","alert('open file');"));
var m12 = new MenuItem("Save");
m1.add(m12);
m1.add(new MenuItem("Save As"));
m1.add(new MenuItem("Close"));
m1.add(new MenuItem(""));
var m2 = new Menu("Edit");
root.add(m2);
var m22 = new MenuItem("Select All");
m2.add(m22);
m2.add(new MenuItem("Cut"));
m2.add(new MenuItem("Copy"));
m2.add(new MenuItem("paste"));
var m3 = new Menu("View");
var m33 = new MenuItem("View List");
m33.add(new MenuItem("Function List"));
m3.add(m33);
m3.add(new MenuItem("Tool Bar"));
root.add(m3);
root.toString();
}
1.使用前提,在HTML页面中引入一个CSS文件,和一个JavaScript文件。如下:
复制代码 代码如下:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Menu</TITLE>
<link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="menu.css">
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<div><script src="menu.js"></script></div>
</BODY>
</HTML>
引入CSS文件:<link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="menu.css"> ,menu.css代码见后
引入JavaScript文件:<script src="menu.js"></script>
2.定义菜单代码如下:
复制代码 代码如下:
if (document.getElementById){
var root = new Root();
var m1 = new Menu("File","alert(this.innerText);");
root.add(m1);
var m11 = new MenuItem("New");
m1.add(m11);
m1.add(new MenuItem("Open","alert('open file');"));
var m12 = new MenuItem("Save");
m1.add(m12);
m1.add(new MenuItem("Save As"));
m1.add(new MenuItem("Close"));
m1.add(new MenuItem(""));
var m2 = new Menu("Edit");
root.add(m2);
root.toString();
}
说明:
1) var root = new Root();
root.toString();
固定格式
2)声明菜单:
var m1 = new Menu("File","alert(this.innerText);");
菜单显示的名称为“File”,onclick事件为alert(this.innerText);
root.add(m1);
第一级菜单(即页面初始显示的菜单)放到root之下,通过add()方法
var m11 = new MenuItem("New"");
m1.add(m11);
声明“File”的子菜单“New”
m1.add(new MenuItem("Open","alert('open file');"));
声明“File”的子菜单“Open”
通过上面的代码即可完成菜单的添加功能。
代码文件:
<1> menu.css
复制代码 代码如下:
#menubar {
font-family:verdana;
font-size:12px;
margin:1px;
}
#menubar li {
float:left;
position:relative;
text-align:left;
}
/* each menu item style */
#menubar li a {
border-style:none;
color:black;
display:block;
width:150px;
height:20px;
line-height:20px;
padding-left:10px;
text-decoration:none;
}
/* the first level menu which displays default */
#menubar .menuMain{
border-color:#C0C0C0;
border-width:1px;
border-style:solid;
}
/* the first leve style when mouse on it */
#menubar li a:hover{
background-color:#efefef;
text-decoration:underline;
}
/* the second level menu block style */
#menubar li ul{
background-color:#efefef;
border-style:none;
display:none;
position:absolute;
top:20px;
left:-40px;
margin-top:2px;
width:150px;
}
/* the sub menu item style when mouse on it */
#menubar li ul li a:hover {
text-decoration:underline;
padding-left:20px;
}
/* the third or more level menu block style */
#menubar li ul li ul {
display:none;
position:absolute;
top:0px;
left:150px;
margin-top:0;
margin-left:0;
width:150px;
}
<2>menu.js
复制代码 代码如下:
var MenuConfig = {
defaultText : "Menu Item",
defaultAction : "javascript:void(0);" ,
defaultMenuCssStyle : "menuMain"
};
var MenuHandler = {
idCounter : 0,
idPrefix : "menu-",
getId : function(){ return this.idPrefix + this.idCounter++ ;},
insertHTMLBeforeEnd : function(node, sHTML){
if(node.insertAdjacentHTML != null){
node.insertAdjacentHTML('BeforeEnd',sHTML);
return;
}
var df; // DocumentFragment
var r = node.ownerDocument.createRange();
r.selectNodeContents(node);
r.collapse(false);
df = r.createContextualFragment(sHTML);
node.appendChild(df);
}
}
function displaySubMenu(li){
var subMenu = li.getElementsByTagName('ul')[0];
if(subMenu)
subMenu.style.display = 'block';
}
function hideSubMenu(li){
var subMenu = li.getElementsByTagName('ul')[0];
if(subMenu)
subMenu.style.display = 'none';
}
/******************************************
* Funciont Name: MenuAbstractNode
* Description: MenuAbstractNode class
* @param {String} pText
* @param {String} pAction
* @Return:
*******************************************/
function MenuAbstractNode(pText, pAction){
this.text = pText || MenuConfig.defaultText;
this.action = pAction || MenuConfig.defaultAction;
this.id = MenuHandler.getId();
this.childNodes = [];
}
MenuAbstractNode.prototype.add = function(node){
this.childNodes[this.childNodes.length] = node;
}
/******************************************
* Funciont Name: toString
* Description: generate HTML code
* @param
* @param
* @Return:
*******************************************/
MenuAbstractNode.prototype.toString = function(){
var str = "<li id=\"" + this.id + "\" onmouseover=\"displaySubMenu(this)\" onmouseout=\"hideSubMenu(this)\"><a href=\"#\"";
if(this.type=="Menu"){
str = str + " class=\"" + this.cssStyle + "\"";
}
str = str + " onclick=\""+this.action+"\">"+this.text+"</a>";
var sb = [];
for (var i = 0; i < this.childNodes.length; i++) {
sb[i] = this.childNodes[i].toString();
}
if(sb.length>0){
str = str + "<ul>" + sb.join("") + "</ul>"
}
return str + "</li>" ;
}
/******************************************
* Funciont Name: Menu
* Description: Menu class
* @param {String} pText
* @param {String} pAction
* @param {String} pCssStyle
* @Return:
*******************************************/
function Menu(pText, pAction,pCssStyle){
this.base = MenuAbstractNode;
this.base(pText,pAction);
this.type = "Menu";
this.cssStyle = pCssStyle || MenuConfig.defaultMenuCssStyle;
}
Menu.prototype = new MenuAbstractNode;
/******************************************
* Funciont Name: MenuItem
* Description: MenuItem class
* @param {String} pText
* @param {String} pAction
* @Return:
*******************************************/
function MenuItem(pText, pAction){
this.base = MenuAbstractNode;
this.base(pText,pAction);
this.type = "MenuItem";
}
MenuItem.prototype = new MenuAbstractNode;
/******************************************
* Funciont Name: Root
* Description: Root class
* @Return:
*******************************************/
function Root(){
this.id = "menubar";
this.childNodes=[];
}
Root.prototype = new MenuAbstractNode;
Root.prototype.toString = function(){
document.write("<div id='menu'><ul id=\""+root.id+"\"> </ul> </div>");
for(var i=0; i<this.childNodes.length; i++){
MenuHandler.insertHTMLBeforeEnd(document.getElementById(root.id), this.childNodes[i].toString());
}
}
if (document.getElementById){
var root = new Root();
var m1 = new Menu("File","alert(this.innerText);");
root.add(m1);
var m11 = new MenuItem("New","alert(this.innerText);");
m1.add(m11);
m1.add(new MenuItem("Open","alert('open file');"));
var m12 = new MenuItem("Save");
m1.add(m12);
m1.add(new MenuItem("Save As"));
m1.add(new MenuItem("Close"));
m1.add(new MenuItem(""));
var m2 = new Menu("Edit");
root.add(m2);
var m22 = new MenuItem("Select All");
m2.add(m22);
m2.add(new MenuItem("Cut"));
m2.add(new MenuItem("Copy"));
m2.add(new MenuItem("paste"));
var m3 = new Menu("View");
var m33 = new MenuItem("View List");
m33.add(new MenuItem("Function List"));
m3.add(m33);
m3.add(new MenuItem("Tool Bar"));
root.add(m3);
root.toString();
}
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