python使用SQLAlchemy操作MySQL

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# author: Jclian91
# place: Sanya, Hainan
# time: 12:46

from sqlalchemy.dialects.mysql import INTEGER, VARCHAR
from sqlalchemy import Column
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
Base = declarative_base()


# users表结构
class Users(Base):
  __tablename__ = 'users'

  id = Column(INTEGER, primary_key=True)
  name = Column(VARCHAR(256), nullable=False)
  age = Column(INTEGER)
  place = Column(VARCHAR(256), nullable=False)


  def __init__(self, id, name, age, place):
    self.id = id
    self.name = name
    self.age = age
    self.place = place

def init_db():
  engine = create_engine(
    "mysql+pymysql://root:@localhost:3306/orm_test",
    encoding= "utf-8",
    echo=True
  )
  Base.metadata.create_all(engine)
  print('Create table successfully!')

if __name__ == '__main__':
  init_db()

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# author: Jclian91
# place: Sanya, Hainan
# time: 12:52

from create_table import Users
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker

def insert_data():
  # 初始化数据库连接
  engine = create_engine("mysql+pymysql://root:@localhost:3306/orm_test", encoding="utf-8")
  # 创建DBSession类型
  DBSession = sessionmaker(bind=engine)

  # 创建session对象
  session = DBSession()
  # 插入单条数据
  # 创建新User对象
  new_user = Users(id=1, name='Jack', age=25, place='USA')
  # 添加到session
  session.add(new_user)
  # 提交即保存到数据库
  session.commit()

  # 插入多条数据
  user_list= [Users(id=2, name='Green', age=26, place='UK'),
        Users(id=3, name='Alex', age=31, place='GER'),
        Users(id=4, name='Chen', age=52, place='CHN'),
        Users(id=5, name='Zhang', age=42, place='CHN')
        ]
  session.add_all(user_list)
  session.commit()
  # 关闭session
  session.close()
  print('insert into db successfully!')

if __name__ == '__main__':
  insert_data()

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# author: Jclian91
# place: Sanya, Hainan
# time: 12:52

from create_table import Users
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker

def query_data():
  # 初始化数据库连接
  engine = create_engine("mysql+pymysql://root:@localhost:3306/orm_test", encoding="utf-8")
  # 创建DBSession类型
  DBSession = sessionmaker(bind=engine)

  # 创建session对象
  session = DBSession()

  # 查询所有place是CHN的人名
  # 创建Query查询，filter是where条件
  # 调用one()返回唯一行，如果调用all()则返回所有行:
  users = session.query(Users).filter(Users.place == 'CHN').all()
  print([use.name for use in users])
  # 输出：['Chen', 'Zhang']

  # 或者用如下查询
  users = session.query(Users.name).filter(Users.place == 'CHN').all()
  print(users)
  # 输出：[('Chen',), ('Zhang',)]

  session.close()


if __name__ == '__main__':
  query_data()

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# author: Jclian91
# place: Sanya, Hainan
# time: 12:52

from create_table import Users
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker

def update_data():
  # 初始化数据库连接
  engine = create_engine("mysql+pymysql://root:@localhost:3306/orm_test", encoding="utf-8")
  # 创建DBSession类型
  DBSession = sessionmaker(bind=engine)

  # 创建session对象
  session = DBSession()

  # 数据更新，将Jack的place修改为CHN
  update_obj = session.query(Users).filter(Users.name=='Jack').update({"place":"CHN"})
  session.commit()

  session.close()
  print("Update data successfully!")


if __name__ == '__main__':
  update_data()

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# author: Jclian91
# place: Sanya, Hainan
# time: 12:52

from create_table import Users
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker

def delete_data():
  # 初始化数据库连接
  engine = create_engine("mysql+pymysql://root:@localhost:3306/orm_test", encoding="utf-8")
  # 创建DBSession类型
  DBSession = sessionmaker(bind=engine)

  # 创建session对象
  session = DBSession()

  # 数据更新，将Jack的记录删除
  update_obj = session.query(Users).filter(Users.name=='Jack').delete()
  session.commit()

  session.close()
  print("Delete data successfully!")


if __name__ == '__main__':
  delete_data()