Django利用elasticsearch(搜索引擎)实现搜索功能

 更新时间:2020年11月26日 09:49:10   作者:天降攻城狮  
这篇文章主要介绍了Django利用elasticsearch(搜索引擎)实现搜索功能,文中通过示例代码介绍的非常详细,对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值,需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习学习吧

 1、在Django配置搜索结果页的路由映射

"""pachong URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
 https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views
 1. Add an import: from my_app import views
 2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: url(r'^/pre>, views.home, name='home')
Class-based views
 1. Add an import: from other_app.views import Home
 2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: url(r'^/pre>, Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf
 1. Import the include() function: from django.conf.urls import url, include
 2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: url(r'^blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from app1 import views

urlpatterns = [
 url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
 url(r'^/pre>, views.indexluoji),
 url(r'^index/', views.indexluoji),
 url(r'^suggest//pre>, views.suggestluoji,name="suggest"),  # 搜索字段补全请求
 url(r'^search//pre>, views.searchluoji,name="search"),  # 搜索

]

2、编写逻辑处理函数

在逻辑处理函数里实现搜索数据

(1)获取到用户的搜索词

(2)利用原生的elasticsearch(搜索引擎)接口,实现搜索,注明:elasticsearch-dsl就是在原生的elasticsearch上做了封装

  Elasticsearch()方法,连接原生的elasticsearch服务器

  search()方法,原生elasticsearch查询方法,支持原生的elasticsearch查询语句,返回的原生语句结果也就是字典形式的数据

  在查询语句里进行关键词高亮处理

  将查询到的结果,循环获取到后返回到html页面

from django.shortcuts import render

# Create your views here.
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
from django.views.generic.base import View
from app1.models import lagouType    # 导入操作elasticsearch(搜索引擎)类
import json
from elasticsearch import Elasticsearch   # 导入原生的elasticsearch(搜索引擎)接口
client = Elasticsearch(hosts=["127.0.0.1"])  # 连接原生的elasticsearch

def indexluoji(request):
 print(request.method) # 获取用户请求的路径
 return render(request, 'index.html')

def suggestluoji(request):          # 搜索自动补全逻辑处理
 key_words = request.GET.get('s', '')      # 获取到请求词
 re_datas = []
 if key_words:
  s = lagouType.search()         # 实例化elasticsearch(搜索引擎)类的search查询
  s = s.suggest('my_suggest', key_words, completion={
   "field": "suggest", "fuzzy": {
    "fuzziness": 1
   },
   "size": 5
  })
  suggestions = s.execute_suggest()
  for match in suggestions.my_suggest[0].options:
   source = match._source
   re_datas.append(source["title"])
 return HttpResponse(json.dumps(re_datas), content_type="application/json")

def searchluoji(request):          # 搜索逻辑处理
 key_words = request.GET.get('q', '')      # 获取到请求词
 response = client.search(         # 原生的elasticsearch接口的search()方法,就是搜索,可以支持原生elasticsearch语句查询
  index="lagou",           # 设置索引名称
  doc_type="biao",          # 设置表名称
  body={             # 书写elasticsearch语句
   "query": {
    "multi_match": {        # multi_match查询
     "query": key_words,       # 查询关键词
     "fields": ["title", "description"]   # 查询字段
    }
   },
   "from": 0,           # 从第几条开始获取
   "size": 10,           # 获取多少条数据
   "highlight": {          # 查询关键词高亮处理
    "pre_tags": ['<span class="keyWord">'],   # 高亮开始标签
    "post_tags": ['</span>'],      # 高亮结束标签
    "fields": {          # 高亮设置
     "title": {},        # 高亮字段
     "description": {}       # 高亮字段
    }
   }
  }
 )
 total_nums = response["hits"]["total"]      # 获取查询结果的总条数
 hit_list = []            # 设置一个列表来储存搜索到的信息,返回给html页面
 for hit in response["hits"]["hits"]:      # 循环查询到的结果
  hit_dict = {}           # 设置一个字典来储存循环结果
  if "title" in hit["highlight"]:       # 判断title字段,如果高亮字段有类容
   hit_dict["title"] = "".join(hit["highlight"]["title"])  # 获取高亮里的title
  else:
   hit_dict["title"] = hit["_source"]["title"]     # 否则获取不是高亮里的title

  if "description" in hit["highlight"]:       # 判断description字段,如果高亮字段有类容
   hit_dict["description"] = "".join(hit["highlight"]["description"])[:500] # 获取高亮里的description
  else:
   hit_dict["description"] = hit["_source"]["description"]  # 否则获取不是高亮里的description

  hit_dict["url"] = hit["_source"]["url"]       # 获取返回url

  hit_list.append(hit_dict)          # 将获取到内容的字典,添加到列表
 return render(request, 'result.html', {"all_hits": hit_list, "key_words": key_words})  #显示页面和将列表和搜索词返回到html

3、html页面接收搜索结果

注意:因为Django实现了防止恶意代码写入,凡是通过变量传输到html页面的html类型代码,将会被自动转换成字符串方式显示,索引我们需要在接收变量的字段用:{% autoescape off %} {{ 接收变量 }} {% endautoescape %},来显示html代码,

搜索后因为进行了一次跳转,所以搜索框里的搜索词将不存在,我们需要在传递搜索结果到页面的时候,将搜索词也传递进来填充到搜索框

<!DOCTYPE html >
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
{#引入静态文件路径#}
{% load staticfiles %}
<head>
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=emulateIE7" />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>python-lcv-search搜索引擎</title>
<link href="{% static 'css/style.css'%}" rel="external nofollow" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
<link href="{% static 'css/result.css'%}" rel="external nofollow" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
</head>
<body>
<div id="container">
 <div id="hd" class="ue-clear">
  <a href="/" rel="external nofollow" ><div class="logo"></div></a>
  <div class="inputArea">
   <input type="text" class="searchInput" value="{{ key_words }}"/>
   <input type="button" class="searchButton" onclick="add_search()"/>
  </div>
 </div>
 <div class="nav">
  <ul class="searchList">
   <li class="searchItem current" data-type="article">文章</li>
   <li class="searchItem" data-type="question">问答</li>
   <li class="searchItem" data-type="job">职位</li>
  </ul>
 </div>
 <div id="bd" class="ue-clear">
  <div id="main">
   <div class="sideBar">

    <div class="subfield">网站</div>
    <ul class="subfieldContext">
     <li>
      <span class="name">伯乐在线</span>
      <span class="unit">(None)</span>
     </li>
     <li>
      <span class="name">知乎</span>
      <span class="unit">(9862)</span>
     </li>
     <li>
      <span class="name">拉勾网</span>
      <span class="unit">(9862)</span>
     </li>
     <li class="more">
      <a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >
       <span class="text">更多</span>
       <i class="moreIcon"></i>
      </a>
     </li>
    </ul>

    <div class="sideBarShowHide">
     <a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" class="icon"></a>
    </div>
   </div>
   <div class="resultArea">
    <p class="resultTotal">
     <span class="info">找到约&nbsp;<span class="totalResult">45</span>&nbsp;条结果(用时<span class="time">0.643128</span>秒),共约<span class="totalPage">5</span>页</span>
    </p>
    <div class="resultList">
     {% for hit in all_hits %}
     <div class="resultItem">
       <div class="itemHead">
        <a href="{% autoescape off %} {{ hit.url }} {% endautoescape %}" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank" class="title">{% autoescape off %} {{ hit.title }} {% endautoescape %}</a>
        <span class="divsion">-</span>
        <span class="fileType">
         <span class="label">来源:</span>
         <span class="value">网络</span>
        </span>
        <span class="dependValue">
         <span class="label">得分:</span>
         <span class="value">3.401155</span>
        </span>
       </div>
       <div class="itemBody">
        {% autoescape off %} {{ hit.description }} {% endautoescape %}
       </div>
      </div>
     {% endfor %}
    </div>
    <!-- 分页 -->
    <div class="pagination ue-clear"></div>
    <!-- 相关搜索 -->

   </div>
   <div class="historyArea">
    <div class="hotSearch">
     <h6>热门搜索</h6>
     <ul class="historyList">

       <li><a href="/search?q=linux" rel="external nofollow" >linux</a></li>

     </ul>
    </div>
    <div class="mySearch">
     <h6>我的搜索</h6>
     <ul class="historyList">

     </ul>
    </div>
   </div>
  </div><!-- End of main -->
 </div><!--End of bd-->
</div>

<div id="foot">Copyright &copy;projectsedu.com 版权所有 E-mail:admin@projectsedu.com</div>
</body>
<script type="text/javascript" src="{% static 'js/jquery.js'%}"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="{% static 'js/global.js'%}"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="{% static 'js/pagination.js'%}"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
 var search_url = "/search/"

 $('.searchList').on('click', '.searchItem', function(){
  $('.searchList .searchItem').removeClass('current');
  $(this).addClass('current'); 
 });

 $.each($('.subfieldContext'), function(i, item){
  $(this).find('li:gt(2)').hide().end().find('li:last').show();  
 });

 function removeByValue(arr, val) {
  for(var i=0; i<arr.length; i++) {
  if(arr[i] == val) {
   arr.splice(i, 1);
   break;
  }
  }
 }
 $('.subfieldContext .more').click(function(e){
  var $more = $(this).parent('.subfieldContext').find('.more');
  if($more.hasClass('show')){

   if($(this).hasClass('define')){
    $(this).parent('.subfieldContext').find('.more').removeClass('show').find('.text').text('自定义');
   }else{
    $(this).parent('.subfieldContext').find('.more').removeClass('show').find('.text').text('更多'); 
   }
   $(this).parent('.subfieldContext').find('li:gt(2)').hide().end().find('li:last').show();
  }else{
   $(this).parent('.subfieldContext').find('.more').addClass('show').find('.text').text('收起');
   $(this).parent('.subfieldContext').find('li:gt(2)').show(); 
  }

 });

 $('.sideBarShowHide a').click(function(e) {
  if($('#main').hasClass('sideBarHide')){
   $('#main').removeClass('sideBarHide');
   $('#container').removeClass('sideBarHide');
  }else{
   $('#main').addClass('sideBarHide'); 
   $('#container').addClass('sideBarHide');
  }

 });
 var key_words = "java"
 //分页
 $(".pagination").pagination(45, {
  current_page :0, //当前页码
  items_per_page :10,
  display_msg :true,
  callback :pageselectCallback
 });
 function pageselectCallback(page_id, jq) {
  window.location.href=search_url+'?q='+key_words+'&p='+page_id
 }

 setHeight();
 $(window).resize(function(){
  setHeight(); 
 });

 function setHeight(){
  if($('#container').outerHeight() < $(window).height()){
   $('#container').height($(window).height()-33);
  } 
 }
</script>
<script type="text/javascript">
 $('.searchList').on('click', '.searchItem', function(){
  $('.searchList .searchItem').removeClass('current');
  $(this).addClass('current');
 });

 // 联想下拉显示隐藏
 $('.searchInput').on('focus', function(){
  $('.dataList').show()
 });

 // 联想下拉点击
 $('.dataList').on('click', 'li', function(){
  var text = $(this).text();
  $('.searchInput').val(text);
  $('.dataList').hide()
 });

 hideElement($('.dataList'), $('.searchInput'));
</script>
<script>
 var searchArr;
 //定义一个search的,判断浏览器有无数据存储(搜索历史)
 if(localStorage.search){
  //如果有,转换成 数组的形式存放到searchArr的数组里(localStorage以字符串的形式存储,所以要把它转换成数组的形式)
  searchArr= localStorage.search.split(",")
 }else{
  //如果没有,则定义searchArr为一个空的数组
  searchArr = [];
 }
 //把存储的数据显示出来作为搜索历史
 MapSearchArr();

 function add_search(){
  var val = $(".searchInput").val();
  if (val.length>=2){
   //点击搜索按钮时,去重
   KillRepeat(val);
   //去重后把数组存储到浏览器localStorage
   localStorage.search = searchArr;
   //然后再把搜索内容显示出来
   MapSearchArr();
  }

  window.location.href=search_url+'?q='+val+"&s_type="+$(".searchItem.current").attr('data-type')

 }

 function MapSearchArr(){
  var tmpHtml = "";
  var arrLen = 0
  if (searchArr.length > 6){
   arrLen = 6
  }else {
   arrLen = searchArr.length
  }
  for (var i=0;i<arrLen;i++){
   tmpHtml += '<li><a href="/search?q='+searchArr[i]+'" rel="external nofollow" >'+searchArr[i]+'</a></li>'
  }
  $(".mySearch .historyList").append(tmpHtml);
 }
 //去重
 function KillRepeat(val){
  var kill = 0;
  for (var i=0;i<searchArr.length;i++){
   if(val===searchArr[i]){
    kill ++;
   }
  }
  if(kill<1){
   searchArr.unshift(val);
  }else {
   removeByValue(searchArr, val)
   searchArr.unshift(val)
  }
 }
</script>
</html>

最终效果

到此这篇关于Django利用elasticsearch(搜索引擎)实现搜索功能的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关Django elasticsearch 搜索 内容请搜索脚本之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持脚本之家!

相关文章

最新评论