np.where()[0] 和 np.where()[1]的具体使用

import numpy as np
 
a = np.arange(12).reshape(3,4)
print('a:', a)
print('np.where(a > 5):', np.where(a > 5))
print('a[np.where(a > 5)]:', a[np.where(a > 5)])
print('np.where(a > 5)[0]:', np.where(a > 5)[0])
print('np.where(a > 5)[1]:', np.where(a > 5)[1])
print(a[np.where(a > 5)[0], np.where(a > 5)[1]])

a: [[ 0 1 2 3]
 [ 4 5 6 7]
 [ 8 9 10 11]]
np.where(a > 5): (array([1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2]), array([2, 3, 0, 1, 2, 3]))
a[np.where(a > 5)]: [ 6 7 8 9 10 11]
np.where(a > 5)[0]: [1 1 2 2 2 2]
np.where(a > 5)[1]: [2 3 0 1 2 3]
[ 6 7 8 9 10 11]

>>> aa = np.arange(10)
>>> np.where(aa,1,-1)
array([-1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]) # 0为False，所以第一个输出-1
>>> np.where(aa > 5,1,-1)
array([-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 1, 1, 1, 1])

>>> np.where([[True,False], [True,True]],  # 官网上的例子
  [[1,2], [3,4]],
       [[9,8], [7,6]])
array([[1, 8],
  [3, 4]])

>>> a = 10
>>> np.where([[a > 5,a < 5], [a == 10,a == 7]],
       [["chosen","not chosen"], ["chosen","not chosen"]],
       [["not chosen","chosen"], ["not chosen","chosen"]])

array([['chosen', 'chosen'],
    ['chosen', 'chosen']], dtype='<U10')

>>> a = np.array([2,4,6,8,10])
>>> np.where(a > 5)  # 返回索引
(array([2, 3, 4]),)  
>>> a[np.where(a > 5)]   # 等价于 a[a>5]
array([ 6, 8, 10])

>>> np.where([[0, 1], [1, 0]])
(array([0, 1]), array([1, 0]))

>>> a = np.arange(27).reshape(3,3,3)
>>> a
array([[[ 0, 1, 2],
    [ 3, 4, 5],
    [ 6, 7, 8]],

    [[ 9, 10, 11],
    [12, 13, 14],
    [15, 16, 17]],

    [[18, 19, 20],
    [21, 22, 23],
    [24, 25, 26]]])

>>> np.where(a > 5)
(array([0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2]),
 array([2, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2]),
 array([0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2]))
# 符合条件的元素为
  [ 6, 7, 8]],

   [[ 9, 10, 11],
    [12, 13, 14],
    [15, 16, 17]],

   [[18, 19, 20],
    [21, 22, 23],
    [24, 25, 26]]]