selenium自动化测试简单准备
下载驱动器
http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/index.html
下载与谷歌版本相同或最近版本。
chrome版本查看
帮助中查看
导包
from selenium import webdriver
创建浏览器对象(以chrome为例)
driverpath = r' '# 驱动器路径(chromedriver.exe) driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=driverpath)
demo
import time from selenium import webdriver url = 'https://www.baidu.com' driverPath = r'' # 驱动器路径 driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=driverPath) driver.get(url) driver.maximize_window() # 最大化页面 time.sleep(3) driver.quit()
基本函数
尺寸,位置
driver.minimize_window() #最大化页面 driver.minimize_window() #最小化页面 driver.set_window_size(200, 100) #设置窗口大小 print('窗口尺寸:' + str(driver.get_window_size())) #窗口大小 driver.set_window_position(200, 300) # 设置窗口位置
关闭
driver.quit() driver.close()
页面基本操作
driver.get(url) # 获取一个页面 driver.back() # 回退 driver.forward() # 前进
demo
import time from selenium import webdriver url1 = 'https://www.baidu.com' url2 = 'https://www.bilibili.com' driverPath = r'C:\Users\29273\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\chromedriver.exe' driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=driverPath) driver.set_window_position(200, 300) driver.get(url1) time.sleep(5) driver.get(url2) time.sleep(5) driver.back() time.sleep(5) driver.close()
元素定位以及数据输入
div标签中的属性来进行定位
id,classname,name,tagname,partial link text,link text,css selector
例如下列a标签中的classname为username
driver.find_element_by_class_name("username")
driver.find_element_by_class_name("btn.btn_big.btn_error")
# 部分函数 driver.find_element_by_xpath('/html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div[3]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd/div[1]/a') driver.find_element_by_css_selector('body > div.wrap > div.main_wrap > div.main.cc > div.main_sidebar > div.box_wrap.user_info > dl > dd > div.name > a') driver.find_element_by_id(value) driver.find_element_by_name(value) driver.find_element_by_class_name(value) driver.find_element_by_tag_name(value) driver.find_element_by_link_text(value) driver.find_element_by_partial_link_text(value)
对数据框输入数据
driver.find_element_by_name("username").send_keys("giao")
点击事件
driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="J_register_form"]/div/dl[5]/dd/button').click()
练习一(简单网页注册)
http://47.107.178.45/phpwind/
import time from selenium import webdriver url = r'http://47.107.178.45/phpwind/' driverPath = r'C:\Users\29273\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\chromedriver.exe' driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=driverPath) driver.get(url) registerBtn = driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="J_login_form"]/dl/dd[2]/a') registerBtn.click() time.sleep(5) driver.find_element_by_name("username").send_keys("giao") driver.find_element_by_name("password").send_keys("giaogiao") driver.find_element_by_name("repassword").send_keys('giaogiao') driver.find_element_by_name("email").send_keys('giao@qq.com') driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="J_register_form"]/div/dl[5]/dd/button').click() time.sleep(10) driver.quit()
练习二
打开某民宿网站->输入城市->选择人数->点击查看详情
import time from selenium import webdriver city = input('请输入你想查询的城市:') adult = input('请输入大人人数:') teen = input('请输入孩子人人数:') baby = input('请输入婴儿人数:') url = "https://www.airbnb.cn/?logo=1" driverPath = r'C:\Users\29273\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\chromedriver.exe' driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=driverPath) driver.get(url) city_input = driver.find_element_by_id("Koan-via-HeaderController__input") city_input.send_keys(city + "\n") time.sleep(5) driver.find_element_by_name("query").click() time.sleep(3) for i in range(int(adult)): driver.find_element_by_xpath( '//*[@id="menuItemComponent-guest_picker"]/div/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div[3]/button').click() time.sleep(4) for i in range(int(teen)): driver.find_element_by_xpath( '//*[@id="menuItemComponent-guest_picker"]/div/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div[3]/button').click() time.sleep(3) for i in range(int(baby)): driver.find_element_by_xpath( '//*[@id="menuItemComponent-guest_picker"]/div/div/div/div[1]/div/div/div[3]/div/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div[3]/button').click() time.sleep(5) driver.find_element_by_class_name("_fhph4u")[0].click() time.sleep(20)
练习三
爬取某站入站必看视频信息
import time from selenium import webdriver url = 'https://www.baidu.com' driverPath = r'C:\Users\29273\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\chromedriver.exe' driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=driverPath) res = driver.find_elements_by_class_name("video-card") for i in range(len(res)): print('第' + str(i) + '个视频') print('up主:' + str(res[i].find_element_by_class_name("up-name__text").text)) print('视频名称:' + str(res[i].find_element_by_class_name("video-name").text)) print('视频播放量:' + str(res[i].find_element_by_class_name("play-text").text)) print('评论数:' + str(res[i].find_element_by_class_name("like-text").text)) print('note:' + str(res[i].find_element_by_class_name("history-hint").text))
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