C++实现STL容器的示例

vector <int> vec (n,t); //创建并初始化
vector <int> (n,t);     //创建匿名对象并初始化
vector <int> vec (i,j); //创建并初始化为另一个容器[i,j)内容
vector <int>  (i,j);    //创建匿名对象并初始化为另一个容器[i,j)内容
vec.insert(p,t);        //插入t到p的前面
vec.insert(p,n,t);      //插入n个t到p的前面
vec.insert(p,i,j);      //将区间[i,j)插入到p的前面(可以为自己的区间后者其他容器的区间)
vec.erase(p);           //删除p指向的元素
vec.erase(p,q);         //删除[p,q)区间的元素
vec.clear();            //清空容器，等价于vec.erase(vec.begin(),vec.end());

.front();
.back();
.push_front();
.push_back();
.pop_front();
.pop_back();
 
[n]
.at(n);

#include <iostream>
#include <deque>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
void show(int & t)
{
    cout << t << " ";
}
int main()
{
    deque<int> a(10,5);
    a.push_front(10);
    a.push_back(20);
    for_each(a.begin(),a.end(),show);
    cout << endl;
    a.pop_front();
    a.pop_back();
    for_each(a.begin(),a.end(),show);
    a.push_back(999);
    cout << endl << a.at(10) << " " << a[10];
    try{
        cout << endl << a.at(100);
    }
    catch (out_of_range){
        cout << "越界访问";
    }
    return 0;
}

int main()
{
    srand((unsigned)time(NULL));
    priority_queue<int> pq;
    for(int i=0;i<100;i++){
        int x = rand() %1000+1;
        pq.push(x);
    }
    for(int i=0;i<100;i++){
        cout << pq.top() << " ";
        if(i%10 == 0)
            cout << endl;
        pq.pop();
    }
    return 0;
}

#include <iostream>
#include <list>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
void show(int & t)
{
    cout << t << " ";
}
 
ostream & operator<<(ostream & os, list<int> & s)
{
    for_each(s.begin(),s.end(),show);
    return os;
}
int main()
{
    list <int> one (5,2);
    list <int> two (5,3);
    list <int> three;
    int num[5] = {1,6,3,5,2};
    three.insert(three.begin(),num,num+5);
    cout << "list one is " << one << endl;
    cout << "list two is " << two << endl;
    cout << "list three is(use insert) " << three << endl;
    three.sort();
    cout << "list three use sort " << three << endl;
    three.merge(two);
    cout << "list three use merge to list two \n" << "now list two is empty: ";
    cout << "list two is " << two << endl;
    cout << "now list three is " << three << endl;
    three.splice(three.begin(),one);
    cout << "three use splice to one \n" << "now list one is empty: ";
    cout << "now list one is " << one << endl;
    cout << "now list three is " << three << endl;
    three.unique();
    cout << "three use unique is " << three << endl;
    three.sort();
    cout << "list three use sort and unique: " << three << endl;
    three.remove(3);
    cout << "now use remove delete 3: " << three;
    return 0;
}

#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <set>
#include <iterator>
using namespace std;
 
int main()
{
    const int n =6;
    string str[n] = {"hello", "world", "i am", "set use","C++","union"};
    //构造函数接受两个迭代器表示区间，初始化为区间内的内容
    set<string> A(str,str+6);
    ostream_iterator<string,char> out(cout,"\n");
    copy(A.begin(),A.end(),out);
    return 0;
}

#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <set>
#include <iterator>
using namespace std;
 
int main()
{
    const int n =6;
    string str[n] = {"hello", "world", "i am", "set use","C++","union"};
    set<string> A(str,str+6);
    ostream_iterator<string,char> out(cout,"\n");
    //find string from b to r
    copy(A.lower_bound("b"),A.upper_bound("s"),out);
    return 0;
}

//<const key,type_name>
mutimap <int,string> mp; 

#include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
#include <map>
using namespace std;
typedef pair<int,string> Pair;
int main()
{
    Pair p[6]={{6,"啤酒"},
               {10,"炒饭"},
               {80,"烤猪头"},
               {10,"冷面"},
               {5,"早餐"},
               {80,"给你一锤子"}};
    multimap<int,string> mulmap;
    // no operator <
    cout << "现在图中存储的关键字和数据是：" << endl;
    multimap<int,string> ::iterator i;
    for(int i =0;i<6;i++){
        mulmap.insert(p[i]);
    }
    for(auto i=mulmap.begin(); i!=mulmap.end(); i++){
        cout << i->first << " " << i->second << endl;
    }
    cout << "使用count函数找到价格为80的菜品个数为：" << mulmap.count(80) << endl;
    pair<multimap<int,string>::iterator,multimap<int,string>::iterator> temp;
    cout << "使用equal_range函数找到价格为80的菜品" << endl;
    temp = mulmap.equal_range(80);
    for(auto i = temp.first;i!=temp.second;i++){
        cout << i->second;
    }
    return 0;
}