QT中QChart绘制折线图
一、简单绘图
Qt Charts基于Qt的Graphics View架构,其核心组件是QChartView 和 QChart
- QChartView是显示图标的视图,基类为QGraphicsView
- QChart的基类是QGraphicsltem
类的继承关系:
创建项目:.pro
文件中添加:QT += charts
代码如下:其他文件未修改,修改代码只在mainwindow.cpp文件中进行。
mainwindow.cpp
#include "mainwindow.h" #include "ui_mainwindow.h" #include <QChartView> #include <QLineSeries> #include <QValueAxis> #include <QtMath> QT_CHARTS_USE_NAMESPACE MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent) : QMainWindow(parent) , ui(new Ui::MainWindow) { ui->setupUi(this); setWindowTitle("QChart简单绘图"); //创建图表框架 QChartView* cview = new QChartView(this); QChart* chart = new QChart(); chart->setTitle("简单函数曲线"); cview->setChart(chart); setCentralWidget(cview); //创建折现序列 QLineSeries* seriesS = new QLineSeries; QLineSeries* seriesC = new QLineSeries; seriesS->setName("Sinθ"); seriesC->setName("Cosθ"); chart->addSeries(seriesS); chart->addSeries(seriesC); //添加数据绘制 qreal y0,y1,t=0,intv=0.1; size_t count=100; for (size_t i=0;i<count;i++) { y0 = qSin(t); y1 = qCos(t); seriesS->append(t,y0); seriesC->append(t,y1); t += intv; } //创建坐标轴 QValueAxis* axisX = new QValueAxis; axisX->setRange(0,10); chart->setAxisX(axisX,seriesS); chart->setAxisX(axisX,seriesC); QValueAxis* axisY = new QValueAxis; axisY->setRange(-1, 1); chart->setAxisY(axisY,seriesS); chart->setAxisY(axisY,seriesC); } MainWindow::~MainWindow() { delete ui; }
二、绘制折线图
数据序列类继承关系
坐标类继承关系
实例
初步UI设计
自定义DialogPen类
新建DialogPen
类继承QDialog
:
#ifndef DIALOGPEN_H #define DIALOGPEN_H #include <QDialog> #include <QColorDialog> #include <QPen> #include <QPalette> namespace Ui { class DialogPen; } class DialogPen : public QDialog { Q_OBJECT public: explicit DialogPen(QWidget *parent = nullptr); ~DialogPen(); QPen getpen(); static QPen getPen(QPen initPen, bool &ok); void setPen(const QPen &pen); private slots: void on_pushButton_clicked(); private: QPen m_pen; Ui::DialogPen *ui; }; #endif // DIALOGPEN_H
#include "dialogpen.h" #include "ui_dialogpen.h" #include <QString> DialogPen::DialogPen(QWidget *parent) : QDialog(parent), ui(new Ui::DialogPen) { ui->setupUi(this); ui->comboBox->clear(); ui->comboBox->addItem("NoPen",0); ui->comboBox->addItem("SolidLine",1); ui->comboBox->addItem("DashLine",2); ui->comboBox->addItem("DotLine",3); ui->comboBox->addItem("DashDotLine",4); ui->comboBox->addItem("DashDotDotLine",5); ui->comboBox->addItem("CustomDashLine",6); ui->comboBox->setCurrentIndex(0); } DialogPen::~DialogPen() { delete ui; } void DialogPen::on_pushButton_clicked() { QColor color = m_pen.color(); QColorDialog::getColor(color); if(color.isValid()){ QString str = QString::asprintf("background-color: rgb(%d,%d,%d)",color.red(),color.green(),color.blue()); ui->btnColor->setStyleSheet(str); } } QPen DialogPen::getpen() { m_pen.setStyle(Qt::PenStyle(ui->comboBox->currentIndex())); m_pen.setWidth(ui->spinBox->value()); QColor color = ui->btnColor->palette().color(QPalette::Button); m_pen.setColor(color); return m_pen; } QPen DialogPen::getPen(QPen initPen, bool &ok) { DialogPen* dlg = new DialogPen; QPen pen; dlg->setPen(initPen); int ret = dlg->exec(); if (ret == QDialog::Accepted){ pen = dlg->getpen(); ok = true; }else { pen = initPen; ok = false; } delete dlg; return pen; } void DialogPen::setPen(const QPen &pen) { m_pen = pen; ui->spinBox->setValue(pen.width()); int i = static_cast<int>(pen.style()); ui->comboBox->setCurrentIndex(i); ui->btnColor->setAutoFillBackground(true); QColor color = pen.color(); QString str = QString::asprintf("background-color: rgb(%d,%d,%d)",color.red(),color.green(),color.blue()); ui->btnColor->setStyleSheet(str); }
mainwindow类
mainwindow.h
#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H #define MAINWINDOW_H #include <QMainWindow> #include <QChartView> #include <QtCharts> #include <QColor> #include <QLineSeries> #include <QValueAxis> #include <QtMath> #include <QTime> #include <QChart> #include <QFontDialog> #include "dialogpen.h" QT_CHARTS_USE_NAMESPACE QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE namespace Ui { class MainWindow; } QT_END_NAMESPACE class MainWindow : public QMainWindow { Q_OBJECT public: MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr); ~MainWindow(); private slots: void on_actZoomOut_triggered(); void on_actZoomIn_triggered(); void on_actReset_triggered(); void on_actFlush_triggered(); void on_btn_set_clicked(); void on_btn_titleFont_clicked(); void on_rBtn_Up_clicked(); void on_rBtn_Down_clicked(); void on_rBtn_Left_clicked(); void on_rBtn_Right_clicked(); void on_checkBox_legend_clicked(bool checked); void on_checkBox_legendBG_clicked(bool checked); void on_pBtn_Font_clicked(); void on_pBtn_legendcolor_clicked(); void on_pBtn_setMargin_clicked(); void on_comboBox_motion_currentIndexChanged(int index); void on_comboBox_theme_currentIndexChanged(int index); void on_sin_curve_clicked(); void on_cos_curve_clicked(); void on_pBtn_name_clicked(); void on_checkBox_curve_clicked(bool checked); void on_checkBox_data_clicked(bool checked); void on_pBtn_color_clicked(); void on_pBtn_pen_clicked(); void on_horizontalSlider_valueChanged(int value); void on_checkBox_pointLableVisible_clicked(bool checked); void on_pushButton_13_clicked(); void on_pushButton_12_clicked(); void on_rBtn_Y_clicked(); void on_rBtn_XY_clicked(); void on_rBtn_XAxies_clicked(); void on_rBtn_YAxies_clicked(); void on_Axis_isVisible_clicked(bool checked); void on_Axis_range_clicked(); void on_Axis_setTitle_clicked(); void on_Axis_titleIsVisible_clicked(bool checked); void on_pBtn_style_clicked(); void on_pBtn_Fontcolor_clicked(); void on_pBtn_setFont_clicked(); void on_chk_scaleIsVisible_clicked(bool checked); void on_chk_gridLineVisible_clicked(bool checked); void on_pBtn_Fontcolor_2_clicked(); void on_pBtn_Fontcolor_3_clicked(); void on_spinBox_Tickcount_valueChanged(int arg1); void on_spinBox_minorTickcount_valueChanged(int arg1); void on_chk_TickLineIsVisible_clicked(bool checked); void on_pBtn_Fontcolor_5_clicked(); void on_pBtn_Fontcolor_4_clicked(); void on_pBtn_Fontcolor_7_clicked(); void on_pBtn_Fontcolor_6_clicked(); void on_chk_MinorTickLineIsVisible_clicked(bool checked); private: Ui::MainWindow *ui; void createChart(); QLineSeries* curSeries; QValueAxis* curAxis; void prepareData(); void updateFromChart(); }; #endif // MAINWINDOW_H
mainwindow.cpp
#include "mainwindow.h" #include "ui_mainwindow.h" #include "ui_dialogPen.h" MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent) : QMainWindow(parent) , ui(new Ui::MainWindow) { ui->setupUi(this); createChart(); prepareData(); updateFromChart(); } MainWindow::~MainWindow() { delete ui; } void MainWindow::on_actZoomOut_triggered() { ui->cView->chart()->zoom(0.8); } void MainWindow::on_actZoomIn_triggered() { ui->cView->chart()->zoom(1.2); } void MainWindow::on_actReset_triggered() { ui->cView->chart()->zoomReset(); } void MainWindow::createChart() { QChart* chart = new QChart(); chart->setTitle("simple curve"); ui->cView->setChart(chart); ui->cView->setRenderHint(QPainter::Antialiasing); QLineSeries* series0 = new QLineSeries; QLineSeries* series1 = new QLineSeries; series0->setName("sin"); series1->setName("cos"); curSeries = series0; QPen pen; pen.setStyle(Qt::DotLine); pen.setWidth(2); series0->setPen(pen); pen.setStyle(Qt::SolidLine); pen.setColor(Qt::blue); series1->setPen(pen); chart->addSeries(series0); chart->addSeries(series1); QValueAxis* axisX = new QValueAxis; QValueAxis* axisY = new QValueAxis; curAxis = axisX; axisX->setRange(0,10); axisX->setLabelFormat("%.1f"); axisX->setTickCount(11); axisX->setMinorTickCount(4); axisX->setTitleText("time(secs)"); axisY->setRange(-1.5,1.5); axisY->setTickCount(3); axisY->setMinorTickCount(4); axisY->setTitleText("value"); chart->setAxisX(axisX,series0); chart->setAxisX(axisX,series1); chart->setAxisY(axisY,series0); chart->setAxisY(axisY,series1); } void MainWindow::prepareData() { QLineSeries* series0 = (QLineSeries*)ui->cView->chart()->series().at(0); QLineSeries* series1 = (QLineSeries*)ui->cView->chart()->series().at(1); int cnt = 100; series0->clear(); series1->clear(); qsrand(QTime::currentTime().second()); qreal t=0, y1, y2, inv=0.1; qreal rd; for (int i=0; i<cnt; i++) { rd = (qrand()%10)-5; y1 = qSin(t) + rd/50; series0->append(t,y1); y2 = qCos(t) + rd/50; series1->append(t,y2); t += inv; } } void MainWindow::updateFromChart() { QChart* chart = ui->cView->chart(); ui->lineEdit_title->setText(chart->title()); QMargins mg = chart->margins(); ui->spinBox_Down->setValue(mg.bottom()); ui->spinBox_Left->setValue(mg.left()); ui->spinBox_Right->setValue(mg.right()); ui->spinBox_Up->setValue(mg.top()); } void MainWindow::on_actFlush_triggered() { prepareData(); } void MainWindow::on_btn_set_clicked() { QChart *chart = ui->cView->chart(); chart->setTitle(ui->lineEdit_title->text()); } void MainWindow::on_btn_titleFont_clicked() { QFont font = ui->cView->chart()->titleFont(); bool ok = false; font = QFontDialog::getFont(&ok,font); if(ok) ui->cView->chart()->setTitleFont(font); } void MainWindow::on_rBtn_Up_clicked() { ui->cView->chart()->legend()->setAlignment(Qt::AlignTop); } void MainWindow::on_rBtn_Down_clicked() { ui->cView->chart()->legend()->setAlignment(Qt::AlignBottom); } void MainWindow::on_rBtn_Left_clicked() { ui->cView->chart()->legend()->setAlignment(Qt::AlignLeft); } void MainWindow::on_rBtn_Right_clicked() { ui->cView->chart()->legend()->setAlignment(Qt::AlignRight); } void MainWindow::on_checkBox_legend_clicked(bool checked) { ui->cView->chart()->legend()->setVisible(checked); } void MainWindow::on_checkBox_legendBG_clicked(bool checked) { ui->cView->chart()->legend()->setBackgroundVisible(checked); } void MainWindow::on_pBtn_Font_clicked() { QFont font = ui->cView->chart()->legend()->font(); bool ok = false; font = QFontDialog::getFont(&ok,font); if(ok) ui->cView->chart()->legend()->setFont(font); } void MainWindow::on_pBtn_legendcolor_clicked() { QColor color = ui->cView->chart()->legend()->labelColor(); color = QColorDialog::getColor(color); if(color.isValid()) ui->cView->chart()->legend()->setLabelColor(color); } void MainWindow::on_pBtn_setMargin_clicked() { QMargins mgs; mgs.setTop(ui->spinBox_Up->value()); mgs.setLeft(ui->spinBox_Down->value()); mgs.setLeft(ui->spinBox_Left->value()); mgs.setRight(ui->spinBox_Right->value()); ui->cView->chart()->setMargins(mgs); } void MainWindow::on_comboBox_motion_currentIndexChanged(int index) { ui->cView->chart()->setAnimationOptions((QChart::AnimationOption)index); } void MainWindow::on_comboBox_theme_currentIndexChanged(int index) { ui->cView->chart()->setTheme((QChart::ChartTheme)index); } void MainWindow::on_sin_curve_clicked() { if(ui->sin_curve->isChecked()) curSeries = (QLineSeries*)ui->cView->chart()->series().at(0); else curSeries = (QLineSeries*)ui->cView->chart()->series().at(1); //获取curSeries的值, 设置(标题名称,序列可见的,点数据可见,透明度滑动条) ui->lineEdit_title->setText(curSeries->name()); ui->checkBox_curve->setChecked(curSeries->isVisible()); ui->checkBox_data->setChecked(curSeries->pointsVisible()); ui->horizontalSlider->setValue(curSeries->opacity()*10); ui->checkBox_pointLableVisible->setChecked(curSeries->pointLabelsVisible()); } void MainWindow::on_cos_curve_clicked() { on_sin_curve_clicked(); } void MainWindow::on_pBtn_name_clicked() { curSeries->setName(ui->line_name->text()); } void MainWindow::on_checkBox_curve_clicked(bool checked) { Q_UNUSED(checked) curSeries->setVisible(ui->checkBox_curve->isChecked()); } void MainWindow::on_checkBox_data_clicked(bool checked) { Q_UNUSED(checked) curSeries->setPointsVisible(ui->checkBox_data->isChecked()); } void MainWindow::on_pBtn_color_clicked() { QColor color = curSeries->color(); color = QColorDialog::getColor(color); if(color.isValid()) curSeries->setColor(color); } void MainWindow::on_pBtn_pen_clicked() { bool ok = false; QPen pen = curSeries->pen(); pen = DialogPen::getPen(pen, ok); if(ok) curSeries->setPen(pen); } void MainWindow::on_horizontalSlider_valueChanged(int value) { curSeries->setOpacity(value/10.0); } void MainWindow::on_checkBox_pointLableVisible_clicked(bool checked) { curSeries->setPointLabelsVisible(checked); } void MainWindow::on_pushButton_13_clicked() { QColor color = curSeries->pointLabelsColor(); color = QColorDialog::getColor(color); if(color.isValid()) curSeries->setPointLabelsColor(color); } void MainWindow::on_pushButton_12_clicked() { QFont font = curSeries->pointLabelsFont(); bool ok = false; font = QFontDialog::getFont(&ok, font); if(ok) curSeries->setPointLabelsFont(font); } void MainWindow::on_rBtn_Y_clicked() { if(ui->rBtn_Y->isChecked()) curSeries->setPointLabelsFormat("@yPoint"); else curSeries->setPointLabelsFormat("(@xPoint,@yPoint)"); } void MainWindow::on_rBtn_XY_clicked() { on_rBtn_Y_clicked(); } void MainWindow::on_rBtn_XAxies_clicked() { // 设置坐标轴 QList<QAbstractAxis*> axes; if(ui->rBtn_XAxies->isChecked()) axes = ui->cView->chart()->axes(Qt::Horizontal); else axes = ui->cView->chart()->axes(Qt::Vertical); curAxis = (QValueAxis*)axes[0]; //获取坐标轴属性,显示到界面上 ui->dSBox_minV->setValue(curAxis->min()); ui->dSBox_maxV->setValue(curAxis->max()); ui->Axis_title->setText(curAxis->titleText()); ui->Axis_titleIsVisible->setChecked(curAxis->isTitleVisible()); ui->lineEdit_style->setText(curAxis->labelFormat()); ui->chk_scaleIsVisible->setChecked(curAxis->labelsVisible()); ui->chk_gridLineVisible->setChecked(curAxis->isGridLineVisible()); ui->spinBox_Tickcount->setValue(curAxis->tickCount()); ui->chk_TickLineIsVisible->setChecked(curAxis->isLineVisible()); ui->spinBox_minorTickcount->setValue(curAxis->minorTickCount()); ui->chk_MinorTickLineIsVisible->setChecked(curAxis->isMinorGridLineVisible()); } void MainWindow::on_rBtn_YAxies_clicked() { on_rBtn_XAxies_clicked(); } void MainWindow::on_Axis_isVisible_clicked(bool checked) { curAxis->setVisible(checked); } void MainWindow::on_Axis_range_clicked() { curAxis->setRange(ui->dSBox_minV->value(), ui->dSBox_maxV->value()); } void MainWindow::on_Axis_setTitle_clicked() { curAxis->setTitleText(ui->Axis_title->text()); } void MainWindow::on_Axis_titleIsVisible_clicked(bool checked) { curAxis->setTitleVisible(checked); } void MainWindow::on_pBtn_style_clicked() { curAxis->setLabelFormat(ui->lineEdit_style->text()); } void MainWindow::on_pBtn_Fontcolor_clicked() { QColor color = curAxis->labelsColor(); color = QColorDialog::getColor(color); if(color.isValid()) curAxis->setLabelsColor(color); } void MainWindow::on_pBtn_setFont_clicked() { QFont font = curAxis->labelsFont(); bool ok = false; font = QFontDialog::getFont(&ok, font); if(ok) curAxis->setLabelsFont(font); } void MainWindow::on_chk_scaleIsVisible_clicked(bool checked) { curAxis->setLineVisible(checked); } void MainWindow::on_chk_gridLineVisible_clicked(bool checked) { curAxis->setGridLineVisible(checked); } void MainWindow::on_pBtn_Fontcolor_2_clicked() { QColor color = curAxis->gridLineColor(); color = QColorDialog::getColor(color); if(color.isValid()) curAxis->setGridLineColor(color); } void MainWindow::on_pBtn_Fontcolor_3_clicked() { bool ok = false; QPen pen = curAxis->gridLinePen(); pen = DialogPen::getPen(pen, ok); if(ok) curAxis->setGridLinePen(pen); } void MainWindow::on_spinBox_Tickcount_valueChanged(int arg1) { curAxis->setTickCount(arg1); } void MainWindow::on_spinBox_minorTickcount_valueChanged(int arg1) { curAxis->setMinorTickCount(arg1); } void MainWindow::on_chk_TickLineIsVisible_clicked(bool checked) { curAxis->setLineVisible(checked); } void MainWindow::on_pBtn_Fontcolor_5_clicked() { bool ok = false; QPen pen = curAxis->linePen(); pen = DialogPen::getPen(pen, ok); if(ok) curAxis->setLinePen(pen); } void MainWindow::on_pBtn_Fontcolor_4_clicked() { QColor color = curAxis->linePenColor(); color = QColorDialog::getColor(color); if(color.isValid()) curAxis->setLinePenColor(color); } void MainWindow::on_pBtn_Fontcolor_7_clicked() { QColor color = curAxis->minorGridLineColor(); color = QColorDialog::getColor(color); if(color.isValid()) curAxis->setMinorGridLineColor(color); } void MainWindow::on_pBtn_Fontcolor_6_clicked() { bool ok = false; QPen pen = curAxis->gridLinePen(); pen = DialogPen::getPen(pen, ok); if(ok) curAxis->setGridLinePen(pen); } void MainWindow::on_chk_MinorTickLineIsVisible_clicked(bool checked) { curAxis->setMinorGridLineVisible(checked); }
效果演示
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