C语言深入讲解内存操作问题

#include <stdio.h>
#include <malloc.h>
 
 
int main()
{
    int* p1 = (int*)malloc(40);
    int* p2 = (int*)1234567;    //p2 是一个野指针
    int i = 0;
    
    printf("%p\n", p1);
    for(i=0; i<40; i++)
    {
        *(p1 + i) = 40 - i; //由于指针运算产生了野指针，改写了非法内存地址
    }
 
    free(p1); 
    
    printf("%p\n", p1);
    
    for(i=0; i<40; i++)
    {
        p1[i] = p2[i];  //使用已经释放了的内存空间
    }
    
    return 0;
}
 

#include <stdio.h>
#include <malloc.h>
 
int arr[40] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7};
 
int main()
{
    int* p1 = (int*)malloc(40 * sizeof(int));
    int* p2 = arr;    
    int i = 0;
    
    printf("%p\n", p1);
    for(i=0; i<40; i++)
    {
        *(p1 + i) = 40 - i; 
    }
 
    free(p1); 
    p1 = NULL;
    
    printf("%p\n", p1);
    
    for(i=0; i<40; i++)
    {
        p1[i] = p2[i];  //使用已经释放了的内存空间
    }
    
    return 0;
}

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <malloc.h>
 
struct Student
{
    char* name;
    int number;
};
 
char* func()
{
    char p[] = "AutumnZe";
    
    return p;
}
 
void del(char* p)
{
    printf("%s\n", p);
    
    free(p);
}
 
int main()
{
    struct Student s;   //由于没有初始化，产生了野指针
    char* p = func();   //产生了野指针
    
    strcpy(s.name, p);  //使用野指针，name 成员保存的地址值完全不知道
    
    s.number = 99;
    
    p = (char*)malloc(5);
    
    strcpy(p, "AutumnZe");   //产生内存越界，操作了野指针
    
    del(p);
    
    return 0;
}

#include <stdio.h>
#include <malloc.h>
 
void test(int* p, int size)
{
    int i = 0;
    
    for(i=0; i<size; i++)
    {
        printf("%d\n", p[i]);
    }
    
    free(p);    //这里多释放了一次内存
}
 
void func(unsigned int size)
{
    int* p = (int*)malloc(size * sizeof(int));
    int i = 0;
    
    if( size % 2 != 0 )
    {
        return; 
    }
    
    for(i=0; i<size; i++)
    {
        p[i] = i;
        printf("%d\n", p[i]);
    }
    
    free(p);
}
 
int main()
{
    int* p = (int*)malloc(5 * sizeof(int));
    
    test(p, 5);
    
    free(p); 
    
    func(9);
    func(10);
       
    return 0;
}
 

void test(int* p, int size)
{
    int i = 0;
    
    for(i=0; i<size; i++)
    {
        printf("%d\n", p[i]);
    }
    
    //free(p);    //这里多释放了一次内存
}

#include <stdio.h>
#include <malloc.h>
 
void test(int* p, int size)
{
    int i = 0;
    
    for(i=0; i<size; i++)
    {
        printf("%d\n", p[i]);
    }
    
    free(p);
}
 
int main()
{
    int* p = (int*)malloc(5 * sizeof(int));
    int a[2];
    
    test(a, 2);
       
    return 0;
}
 

#include <stdio.h>
#include <malloc.h>
 
struct Demo
{
    char* p;
};
 
int main()
{
    struct Demo d1;
    struct Demo d2;
    
    char i = 0;
    
    for(i='a'; i<'z'; i++)
    {
        d1.p[i] = 0; 
    }
    
    d2.p = (char*)calloc(5, sizeof(char));
    
    printf("%s\n", d2.p);
    
    for(i='a'; i<'z'; i++)
    {
        d2.p[i] = i; //内存越界
    }
    
    free(d2.p);
    
    return 0;
}