c#中WinForm用OpencvSharp实现ROI区域提取的示例
已经自学OpencvSharp一段时间了(目前工作用的是C#,就学了Opencvsharp了,vs2015,opencvsharp3),收获也有一些,现在就将我在学习过程中的收获分享出来吧。
图像处理,很常见的问题,但对于大多数时候而言,我们往往不需要去处理整张图片,而是只需要处理一部分,这就涉及到了ROI(Region of interest)的提取了。我目前提取ROI的方法是采用掩膜Mask的方法。具体的思路就是:在图像操作的时候,定义一张同等大小的空的Mask,也就是全部是0,然后将我们想要的ROI轮廓画在Mask上,并填充内部,就会得到新的Mask,这个新的Mask就只有在ROI区域非0,其余地方元素都是0,再把用Cv2.BoundingRect()将包含ROI区域的轮廓的最小矩形找出来,分别将原图与Mask这两幅图像的这个最小矩形部分提出来 ,最后再调用Cv2.BitwiseAnd()这个方法,通常情况而言,一副图像与自己本身进行与运算,输出的还是本身图像,带上掩膜Mask后,就只会输出图像在Mask非0区域部分(也就是我们所需要的ROI)的图像了,这样就实现了我们的ROI提取了。
接下来,就分享几种常见ROI区域提取吧。
部分代码如下:
主要使用的变量
/// 放在yVars.ImgOptions中 public struct ROIMatt { public static string Image;//原图 public static bool IsSelectRegion = false; public static int step; //ROI区域移动步长 public static int angel; // 旋转一次 angel±=step; 旋转角度 public static yDirections direct = yDirections.NULL; public static yROIRegionType ROIType = yROIRegionType.Rectangle; // 矩形ROI // 矩形四个点坐标 都是相对于图像的坐标 而不是相对于picturebox的坐标 // 矩形四个点相对位置 刚开始确定矩形时就这样 经过旋转后位置变 但相对位置还是这样 // 1 2 // 按顺时针数的点 1-->2-->4-->3-->1-->2-->4-->3-->1 // 3 4 public static OpenCvSharp.Point rectFirstPoint = new OpenCvSharp.Point(); public static OpenCvSharp.Point rectSecondPoint = new OpenCvSharp.Point(); public static OpenCvSharp.Point rectThirdPoint = new OpenCvSharp.Point(); public static OpenCvSharp.Point rectFourthPoint = new OpenCvSharp.Point(); public static double rectWidth = 0; public static double rectHeight = 0; // 圆形ROI public static OpenCvSharp.Point cirCenter = new OpenCvSharp.Point(0.0,0.0); // 圆心 public static int cirRadious = 0; // 半径 // 椭圆ROI public static OpenCvSharp.Point elpCenter = new OpenCvSharp.Point(0.0,0.0); // 椭圆中心点 public static double elpAngel = 0.0;//椭圆倾斜角度 public static double elpLongAxis = 0.0; // 长轴 public static double elpShortAxis = 0.0; // 短轴 }
我的picturebox的SizeMode是StretchImage的,可能看起来跟想要的结果有点差异,但是实际上是一样的。
首先是最常见的矩形。
对于正矩形而言,我们可以直接定义出图像的ROI区域
public Mat(Mat m, Rect roi);
这样定义的图像就是原图m的指定区域了。但对于倾斜的矩阵,RotatedRect,而言,就得需要使用掩膜了,提取ROI的方法以及结果如下:
public static void ImgMattingRect() { Mat pic = new Mat(yVars.ImgOptions.ROIMatt.Image); Mat mask = Mat.Zeros(pic.Size(), MatType.CV_8UC1); OpenCvSharp.Point2f[] coutours = new OpenCvSharp.Point2f[4]; coutours[0] = yVars.ImgOptions.ROIMatt.rectFirstPoint; coutours[1] = yVars.ImgOptions.ROIMatt.rectSecondPoint; coutours[2] = yVars.ImgOptions.ROIMatt.rectFourthPoint; coutours[3] = yVars.ImgOptions.ROIMatt.rectThirdPoint; List<OpenCvSharp.Point> listt = new List<OpenCvSharp.Point>(); for (int i = 0; i < coutours.Count(); i++) { listt.Add(new OpenCvSharp.Point(coutours[i].X, coutours[i].Y)); } List<List<OpenCvSharp.Point>> pp = new List<List<OpenCvSharp.Point>>() { listt }; Cv2.FillPoly(mask, pp, new Scalar(255, 255, 255)); OpenCvSharp.Rect rect = Cv2.BoundingRect(coutours); Mat src = new Mat(pic, rect); Mat maskROI = new Mat(mask, rect); Mat picOut = new Mat(); Cv2.BitwiseAnd(src, src, picOut, maskROI); Form1.Instance.pbxMattImage.Image = yImgConvert.MatToBitmap(picOut); yVars.ImgOptions.ROIMatt.rectFirstPoint = new OpenCvSharp.Point(0, 0); yVars.ImgOptions.ROIMatt.rectSecondPoint = new OpenCvSharp.Point(0, 0); yVars.ImgOptions.ROIMatt.rectThirdPoint = new OpenCvSharp.Point(0, 0); yVars.ImgOptions.ROIMatt.rectFourthPoint = new OpenCvSharp.Point(0, 0); }
缩放平移和旋转就只要改变矩形的四个顶点坐标就行了。方法都一样就不赘述了。
圆形ROI区域,
方法如下:
public static void ImgMattingCircle() { Mat mm = new Mat(yVars.ImgOptions.ROIMatt.Image); Mat mask = Mat.Zeros(mm.Size(), MatType.CV_8UC3); Cv2.Circle(mask, yVars.ImgOptions.ROIMatt.cirCenter, yVars.ImgOptions.ROIMatt.cirRadious, Scalar.Red, 1, LineTypes.AntiAlias); Cv2.FloodFill(mask, yVars.ImgOptions.ROIMatt.cirCenter, Scalar.Red); mask.ConvertTo(mask, MatType.CV_8UC1); int xx = yVars.ImgOptions.ROIMatt.cirCenter.X - yVars.ImgOptions.ROIMatt.cirRadious; int yy = yVars.ImgOptions.ROIMatt.cirCenter.Y - yVars.ImgOptions.ROIMatt.cirRadious; int rr = 2 * yVars.ImgOptions.ROIMatt.cirRadious; // 圆的外接正方形 Rect rect = new Rect(new OpenCvSharp.Point(xx, yy), new OpenCvSharp.Size(rr, rr)); Mat src = new Mat(mm, rect); Mat maskRoI = new Mat(mask, rect); Cv2.CvtColor(maskRoI, maskRoI, ColorConversionCodes.BGR2GRAY); Mat picOut = new Mat(); Cv2.BitwiseAnd(src, src, picOut, maskRoI); Form1.Instance.pbxMattImage.Image = yImgConvert.MatToBitmap(picOut); yVars.ImgOptions.ROIMatt.cirCenter = new OpenCvSharp.Point(0, 0); yVars.ImgOptions.ROIMatt.cirRadious = 0; }
效果展示:
圆形ROI的移动时就只有圆心坐标变 半径不变,而缩放时只改变半径,圆心不变,注意移动时别超出图像界限就行。
椭圆ROI
在Opencvsharp中绘制椭圆有两种方式
// // 摘要: // Draws simple or thick elliptic arc or fills ellipse sector // // 参数: // img: // Image. // // box: // The enclosing box of the ellipse drawn // // color: // Ellipse color. // // thickness: // Thickness of the ellipse boundary. [By default this is 1] // // lineType: // Type of the ellipse boundary. [By default this is LineType.Link8] public static void Ellipse(InputOutputArray img, RotatedRect box, Scalar color, int thickness = 1, LineTypes lineType = LineTypes.Link8); // // 摘要: // Draws simple or thick elliptic arc or fills ellipse sector // // 参数: // img: // Image. // // center: // Center of the ellipse. // // axes: // Length of the ellipse axes. // // angle: // Rotation angle. // // startAngle: // Starting angle of the elliptic arc. // // endAngle: // Ending angle of the elliptic arc. // // color: // Ellipse color. // // thickness: // Thickness of the ellipse arc. [By default this is 1] // // lineType: // Type of the ellipse boundary. [By default this is LineType.Link8] // // shift: // Number of fractional bits in the center coordinates and axes' values. [By default // this is 0] public static void Ellipse(InputOutputArray img, Point center, Size axes, double angle, double startAngle, double endAngle, Scalar color, int thickness = 1, LineTypes lineType = LineTypes.Link8, int shift = 0);
我们采用第一种方式,即可以将椭圆转化成一个RotatedRect,只要在画RotatedRect的时候改成画椭圆即可,就可以回到第一种矩形的ROI提取上面了, 代码如下:
public static void ImgMattingEllipse() { Mat mm = new Mat(yVars.ImgOptions.ROIMatt.Image); Mat mask = Mat.Zeros(mm.Size(), MatType.CV_8UC3); RotatedRect rorect = new RotatedRect(yVars.ImgOptions.ROIMatt.elpCenter, new Size2f(yVars.ImgOptions.ROIMatt.elpLongAxis, yVars.ImgOptions.ROIMatt.elpShortAxis), (float)yVars.ImgOptions.ROIMatt.elpAngel); Cv2.Ellipse(mask, rorect, Scalar.Red); Mat gray = new Mat(); Cv2.CvtColor(mask, gray, ColorConversionCodes.BGR2GRAY); Cv2.Threshold(gray, gray, 100, 255, ThresholdTypes.Otsu); OpenCvSharp.Point[][] contours; HierarchyIndex[] hierarchly; Cv2.FindContours(gray, out contours, out hierarchly, RetrievalModes.Tree, ContourApproximationModes.ApproxSimple, new OpenCvSharp.Point(0, 0)); Rect rect = Cv2.BoundingRect(contours[0]); Cv2.FloodFill(mask, yVars.ImgOptions.ROIMatt.elpCenter, Scalar.Red); mask.ConvertTo(mask, MatType.CV_8UC1); Mat src = new Mat(mm, rect); Mat maskRoI = new Mat(mask, rect); Cv2.CvtColor(maskRoI, maskRoI, ColorConversionCodes.BGR2GRAY); Mat picOut = new Mat(); Cv2.BitwiseAnd(src, src, picOut, maskRoI); Form1.Instance.pbxMattImage.Image = yImgConvert.MatToBitmap(picOut); }
实验结果如下:
平移缩放旋转等操作就可以看成对RotatedRect的操作即可。
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