Java中OAuth2.0第三方授权原理与实战
RFC6749
OAuth2的官方文档在RFC6749:https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc6749
以王者荣耀请求微信登录的过程为例
- A:Client申请访问用户资源
- B:用户授权(过程较复杂)一次有效
- C:Client向Server请求一个长时间有效的token
- D:返回token
- E:使用token访问资源
OAuth 2.0授权4大模式
授权码模式:完整、严密,第三方认证和授权的最主流实现
- A:APP请求微信登录
- B:用户信息验证
- C:返回只能使用一次的授权码
- D:APP把授权码发给后台服务,服务请求微信登录请求一个长期有效的token
- E:返回长期有效的token
token只有APP的后台服务和微信的后台才有,二者之间使用token通信,保证数据不易泄露到后台黑客
简化模式:令牌用户可见,移动端的常用实现手段
- A:APP请求微信登录
- B:用户信息验证
- C:直接返回一个长期有效的token
密码模式:用户名密码都返回
- A:用户把用户名 + 密码发送给APP
- B:APP可以直接用账号 + 密码访问微信后台
客户端模式:后台内容应用之间进行访问
微信登录会为APP分配一个内部的特定用户名和密码,APP用这个账号 + 密码和微信沟通,微信返回一个token,APP可以用这个token做很多部门自身的事情
合同到期后的续约机制
通常拿到Access token时还会拿到一个Refresh token,可以用来延长token的有效期
- F:token已过期
- G:使用Refresh token和微信登录沟通,尝试延长token
- H:重新返回一个新的token
OAuth2.0第三方授权实战
oauth-client
表示王者荣耀端
pom文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.4.0</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <groupId>org.example</groupId> <artifactId>oauth-client</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <properties> <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target> <spring-cloud.version>2020.0.0-M5</spring-cloud.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-oauth2</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-security</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId> <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> <repositories> <repository> <id>spring-milestones</id> <name>Spring Milestones</name> <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url> </repository> </repositories> </project>
SpringBoot
的经典启动类:
package com.wjw.oauthclient; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; @SpringBootApplication public class OauthClientApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(OauthClientApplication.class, args); } }
创建OAuth2的配置类:
package com.wjw.oauthclient.config; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.oauth2.client.EnableOAuth2Sso; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity; import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter; //激活OAuth2 SSO客户端 @Configuration @EnableOAuth2Sso public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter { @Override protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception { http.authorizeRequests() .anyRequest() .authenticated() .and() .csrf() .disable(); } }
配置文件application.yaml:
security.oauth2.client.client-secret=my_client_secret security.oauth2.client.client-id=my_client_id security.oauth2.client.user-authorization-uri=http://localhost:9090/oauth/authorize security.oauth2.client.access-token-uri=http://localhost:9090/oauth/token security.oauth2.resource.user-info-uri=http://localhost:9090/user server.port=8080 server.servlet.session.cookie.name=ut
- 定义用户id为my_client_id,密码为my_client_secret
- 定义“微信登录服务”为:http://localhost:9090/oauth/authorize
- 请求长期有效token的地址为:http://localhost:9090/oauth/token
- 拿到token后请求用户信息的地址为:http://localhost:9090/user
oauth-server
表示微信客户端
pom文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.4.0</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <groupId>com.example</groupId> <artifactId>oauth-server</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>oauth-server</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <properties> <java.version>1.8</java.version> <spring-cloud.version>2020.0.0-M5</spring-cloud.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-oauth2</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-security</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId> <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> <repositories> <repository> <id>spring-milestones</id> <name>Spring Milestones</name> <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url> </repository> </repositories> </project>
创建SpringBoot
启动类:
package com.wjw.oauthserver; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableResourceServer; @SpringBootApplication @EnableResourceServer public class OauthServerApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(OauthServerApplication.class, args); } }
创建controller:
提供一个API接口,模拟资源服务器
package com.wjw.oauthserver.controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import java.security.Principal; @RestController public class UserController { @GetMapping("/user") public Principal getCurrentUser(Principal principal) { return principal; } }
创建oauth2的关键配置类:
package com.wjw.oauthserver.config; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder; import org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.configurers.ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer; import org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.web.configuration.AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter; import org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableAuthorizationServer; @Configuration @EnableAuthorizationServer public class AuthorizationServerConfig extends AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter { @Autowired PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder; @Override public void configure(ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer clients) throws Exception { clients.inMemory() // 在内存里 .withClient("my_client_id") .secret(passwordEncoder.encode("my_client_secret")) // 加密密码 .autoApprove(true) // 允许所有子类用户登录 .redirectUris("http://localhost:8080/login") // 反跳会登录页面 .scopes("all") .accessTokenValiditySeconds(3600) .authorizedGrantTypes("authorization_code"); // 4大模式里的授权码模式 } }
现在需要提供一个登录页面让用户输入用户名和密码,并设置一个管理员账户:
package com.wjw.oauthserver.config; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order; import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder; import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity; import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity; import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter; import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder; import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder; @Configuration @EnableWebSecurity @Order(1) public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter { @Bean PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() { return new BCryptPasswordEncoder(); } @Override protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception { http.requestMatchers() .antMatchers("/login") .antMatchers("/oauth/authorize") .and() .authorizeRequests().anyRequest().authenticated() .and() .formLogin() .permitAll() .and() .csrf().disable(); } @Override protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception { auth.inMemoryAuthentication() .withUser("wjw") .password(passwordEncoder().encode("123456")) .roles("admin"); } }
配置文件application.yaml:
server.port=9090
分别启动oauth-server和oauth-client进行测试:
访问localhost:8080/hello
访问hello时会重定向到login
访问登录时又会重定向到微信登录:
之后又会重定向到:
输入账户名+密码:
继续看控制台:
登录成功后还是会被重定向
此时再访问就会有授权码了(只能用一次):
此时浏览器拿着授权码才去真正请求王者荣耀的hello接口(浏览器自动使用授权码交换token,对用户透明):
王者荣耀使用授权码请求微信得到一个token和用户信息并返回给浏览器,浏览器再使用这个token调王者荣耀的hello接口拿用户信息:
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