C语言归排与计排深度理解

//归并递归
void _MergeSore(int* arr, int left, int right, int* tmp)
{
	//递归结束条件
	if (left >= right)
		return;
	//int min = left + ((right - left) >> 1);
	int min = (left + right) / 2;
	//递归开始
	_MergeSore(arr, left, min, tmp);
	_MergeSore(arr, min + 1, right, tmp);
	//排序开始
	int begin1 = left, end1 = min;
	int begin2 = min + 1, end2 = right;
	int i = left;
	while (begin1 <= end1 && begin2 <= end2)
	{
		if (arr[begin1] < arr[begin2])
		{
			tmp[i++] = arr[begin1++];
			/*i++;
			begin1++;*/
		}
		if (arr[begin1] >= arr[begin2])
		{
			tmp[i++] = arr[begin2++];
			/*i++;
			begin2++;*/
		}
	}
	while (begin1 <= end1)
	{
		tmp[i++] = arr[begin1++];
	}
	while (begin2 <= end2)
	{
		tmp[i++] = arr[begin2++];
	}
	//将建立的数组拷贝到原数组中
	for (int i = 0; i <= right; i++)
	{
		arr[i] = tmp[i];
	}
}
//归并排序
void MergeSort(int* arr, int n)
{
	//先建立一个数组，用来存放排序的元素
	int* tmp = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int) * (n));
	if (tmp == NULL)
	{
		perror("perror,file");
		return;
	}
	//归并函数实现
	_MergeSore(arr, 0, n - 1, tmp);
	//销毁新建数组，防止内存泄漏
	free(tmp);
	//防止野指针
	tmp = NULL;
}

void _MergeSoreNonR1(int* arr, int left, int right, int* tmp)
{
	int gap = 1;
	int i = 0;
	while (gap <= right)
	{
		for (i = 0; i <= right; i += 2 * gap)
		{
			//[i,I+gap-1]  [i+gap,2*gap-1]
			int begin1 = i, end1 = i + gap - 1;
			int begin2 = i + gap, end2 = i + 2 * gap - 1;
			//printf(" %d", end2);
			if (end1 > right)
				end1 = right;
			if (begin2 > right)
			{
				begin2 = right + 1;
				end2 = right;
			}
			if (end2 > right)
				end2 = right;
			int index = i;
			while (begin1 <= end1 && begin2 <= end2)
			{
				if (arr[begin1] < arr[begin2])
				{
					tmp[index++] = arr[begin1++];
				}
				if (arr[begin1] >= arr[begin2])
				{
					tmp[index++] = arr[begin2++];
				}
			}
			while (begin1 <= end1)
			{
				tmp[index++] = arr[begin1++];
			}
			while (begin2 <= end2)
			{
				tmp[index++] = arr[begin2++];
			}
		}
 
		for (i = 0; i <= right; i++)
		{
			arr[i] = tmp[i];
		}
		gap *= 2;
	}
}
 
void MergeSortNonR(int* arr, int n)
{
	int* tmp = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int) * n);
	if (tmp == NULL)
	{
		perror("malloc,file");
		return;
	}
	_MergeSoreNonR1(arr, 0, n-1, tmp);
	free(tmp);
	tmp = NULL;
}

void CountSort(int* arr, int n)
{
	//确定数组开辟的大小
	int max = arr[0], min = arr[0];
	for (int i = 1; i < n; i++)
	{
		if (arr[i] > max)
			max = arr[i];
		if (arr[i] < min)
			min = arr[i];
	}
	int range = max - min + 1;
	//建立一个数组
	int* count = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int) * range);
	if (count == NULL)
	{
		perror("malloc file");
		return NULL;
	}
	memset(count, 0, sizeof(int) * range);
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{
		count[arr[i]-min]++;
	}
	int j = 0;
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{
		while (count[i]--)
		{
			arr[j] = i+min;
			j++;
		}
	}
	free(count);
	count = NULL;
}