Vue实现轮播图组件的封装

 更新时间:2023年04月20日 11:14:11   作者:itpeilibo  
Vue轮播图组件的封装可通过封装组件、使用插件、配置化等方式实现,主要包括图片预加载、定时轮播、无限滚动、手势滑动、响应式布局等功能,实现方式可使用Vue的生命周期函数、自定义事件、计算属性等技术

轮播图功能-获取数据

目标: 基于pinia获取轮播图数据

核心代码:

(1)在types/data.d.ts文件中定义轮播图数据的类型声明

// 所有接口的通用类型
export type ApiRes <T> = {
    code: string,
    msg: string,
    result: T
}
// 轮播图类型
export type BannerItem = {
  hrefUrl: string
  id: string
  imgUrl: string
  type: string
}

(2)在store/home.ts文件中封装接口,用于获取轮播图数据

import { ApiRes, BannerItem } from '@/types/data'
import request from '@/utils/request'
import { defineStore } from 'pinia'
export default defineStore('home', {
  state: () => ({
    bannerList: [] as BannerItem[],
  }),
  actions: {
    async getBannerList() {
      const {data: res} = await request.get<ApiRes<BannerItem[]>>('/home/banner')
      this.bannerList = res.result
    },
  },
})

(3)在store/index.ts中导入

import useCategoryStore from './modules/category'
import useHomeStore from './modules/home'
export default function useStore() {
  return {
    category: useCategoryStore(),
    home: useHomeStore(),
  }
}

(4)通过开发者工具查看数据

<script lang="ts" setup>
import useStore from '@/store'
const { home } = useStore()
home.getBannerList()
</script>

轮播图-通用轮播图组件

项目中会多次使用到轮播图组件,但是轮播图渲染的数据是不一样的。

但是轮播图的基本功能都是一样的,比如图片切换,自动播放等等。

因此需要封装一个通用的轮播图组件。

(1)通用轮播图的基本结构src/components/carousel/index.vue

fade 类:用于控制图片的显示和隐藏

active 类:用于控制小圆点高亮

<script lang="ts" setup name="Carousel">
defineProps()
</script>
<template>
  <div class="carousel">
    <ul class="carousel-body">
      <li class="carousel-item fade">
        <RouterLink to="/">
          <img
            src="http://yjy-xiaotuxian-dev.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/picture/2021-04-15/1ba86bcc-ae71-42a3-bc3e-37b662f7f07e.jpg"
            alt=""
          />
        </RouterLink>
      </li>
      <li class="carousel-item">
        <RouterLink to="/">
          <img
            src="http://yjy-xiaotuxian-dev.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/picture/2021-04-15/1ba86bcc-ae71-42a3-bc3e-37b662f7f07e.jpg"
            alt=""
          />
        </RouterLink>
      </li>
      <li class="carousel-item">
        <RouterLink to="/">
          <img
            src="http://yjy-xiaotuxian-dev.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/picture/2021-04-15/1ba86bcc-ae71-42a3-bc3e-37b662f7f07e.jpg"
            alt=""
          />
        </RouterLink>
      </li>
    </ul>
    <a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  class="carousel-btn prev"
      ><i class="iconfont icon-angle-left"></i
    ></a>
    <a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  class="carousel-btn next"
      ><i class="iconfont icon-angle-right"></i
    ></a>
    <div class="carousel-indicator">
      <span class="active"></span>
      <span></span>
      <span></span>
      <span></span>
      <span></span>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>
<style scoped lang="less">
.xtxcarousel {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  min-width: 300px;
  min-height: 150px;
  position: relative;
  .carousel {
    &-body {
      width: 100%;
      height: 100%;
    }
    &-item {
      width: 100%;
      height: 100%;
      position: absolute;
      left: 0;
      top: 0;
      opacity: 0;
      transition: opacity 0.5s linear;
      &.fade {
        opacity: 1;
        z-index: 1;
      }
      img {
        width: 100%;
        height: 100%;
      }
    }
    &-indicator {
      position: absolute;
      left: 0;
      bottom: 20px;
      z-index: 2;
      width: 100%;
      text-align: center;
      span {
        display: inline-block;
        width: 12px;
        height: 12px;
        background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
        border-radius: 50%;
        cursor: pointer;
        ~ span {
          margin-left: 12px;
        }
        &.active {
          background: #fff;
        }
      }
    }
    &-btn {
      width: 44px;
      height: 44px;
      background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
      color: #fff;
      border-radius: 50%;
      position: absolute;
      top: 228px;
      z-index: 2;
      text-align: center;
      line-height: 44px;
      opacity: 0;
      transition: all 0.5s;
      &.prev {
        left: 20px;
      }
      &.next {
        right: 20px;
      }
    }
  }
  &:hover {
    .carousel-btn {
      opacity: 1;
    }
  }
}
</style>

(2)全局注册通用轮播图 src/components/index.ts

import type { App } from 'vue'
import skelecton from './skeleton/index.vue'
+import Carousel from './carousel/index.vue'
export default {
  install(app: App) {
    app.component(skelecton.name, skelecton)
+    app.component(Carousel.name, Carousel)
  },
}

(3)在广告组件中使用src/views/home/components/home-banner.vue

<template>
  <div class="home-banner">
    <!-- 轮播图 -->
    <Carousel></XtxCarousel>
  </div>
</template>

(4)覆盖样式,控制箭头和小圆点的位置src/views/home/components/home-banner.vue

:deep(.carousel-btn.prev) {
  left: 270px!important;
}
:deep(.carousel-indicator) {
  padding-left: 250px;
}

(5)查看效果

轮播图-数据渲染

目的

home-banner组件把数据传递给Carousel组件进行渲染

(1)父传子的方式将数据传给通用轮播图组件src/views/home/components/home-banner.vue

<Carousel :slides="home.bannerList"></Carousel>

(2)子组件接收数据src/components/carousel/index.vue

了解写法:如果通过js的方法定义类型,需要单独引入PropType进行编写

<script lang="ts" setup name="Carousel">
import { BannerItem } from '@/types/data'
// import { PropType } from 'vue'
// defineProps({
//   slides: {
//     type: Array as PropType<BannerItem[]>,
//     required: true,
//   },
// })
defineProps<{
  slides: BannerItem[]
}>()
</script>

(3)渲染轮播图数据src/components/carousel/index.vue

<template>
  <div class="carousel">
    <ul class="carousel-body">
      <li class="carousel-item fade" v-for="item in slides" :key="item.id">
        <RouterLink :to="item.hrefUrl">
          <img :src="item.imgUrl" alt="" />
        </RouterLink>
      </li>
    </ul>
    <a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  class="carousel-btn prev">
      <i class="iconfont icon-angle-left"></i>
    </a>
    <a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  class="carousel-btn next">
      <i class="iconfont icon-angle-right"></i>
    </a>
    <div class="carousel-indicator">
      <span v-for="item in slides" :key="item.id" class="active"></span>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>

(4)控制高亮的下标

<script lang="ts" setup name="Carousel">
const active = ref(0)
</script>

(5)高亮渲染

  • 添加的fade的图片才会展示,所以根据当前索引号进行判断,索引号等于active的才进行展示
  • 添加了active类名的小圆点才会高亮,高亮逻辑跟图片一致
<template>
  <div class="carousel">
    <ul class="carousel-body">
      <li
        class="carousel-item"
+        :class="{ fade: active === index }"
+        v-for="(item, index) in slides"
        :key="item.id"
      >
        <RouterLink :to="item.hrefUrl">
          <img :src="item.imgUrl" alt="" />
        </RouterLink>
      </li>
    </ul>
    <a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  class="carousel-btn prev">
      <i class="iconfont icon-angle-left"></i>
    </a>
    <a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  class="carousel-btn next">
      <i class="iconfont icon-angle-right"></i>
    </a>
    <div class="carousel-indicator">
      <span
+        v-for="(item, index) in slides"
        :key="item.id"
+        :class="{ active: active === index }"
      ></span>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>

轮播图-逻辑封装

实现需求:

轮播图里面的图片需要从父组件传入(因为轮播组件可以复用)

父组件需要控制轮播图的是否自动播放、动画时间(处理默认值逻辑)

是否自动播放和动画时间都是需要默认值的(如果不传就可以使用轮播组件自己提供的默认值)

播放逻辑

  • 点击小圆点可以切换图片
  • 点击prev和next按钮可以播放指定图片(根据图片个数判断播放的循环)
  • 如果父组件配置了自动播放,则需要定时播放图片
  • 鼠标进入轮播图,暂停轮播
  • 鼠标离开轮播图,继续轮播
  • 注意点:组件卸载的时候需要清除定时轮播效果(不然组件重新加载的时候会导致多个定时器开启)

(1)父组件传值给轮播图src/views/home/components/home-banner.vue

<template>
  <div class="home-banner">
    <!-- 轮播图 -->
    <Carousel :slides="slides" autoPlay :duration="3000"></XtxCarousel>
  </div>
</template>

(2)props接收src/components/Carousel.vue

<script lang="ts" setup name="Carousel">
import { BannerItem } from '@/types/data'
import { ref, PropType } from 'vue'
defineProps({
  slides: {
    type: Array as PropType<BannerItem[]>,
    required: true,
  },
  autoPlay: {
    type: Boolean,
    default: false,
  },
  duration: {
    type: Number,
    default: 3000,
  },
})
const active = ref(0)
</script>

(3)轮播图的播放逻辑

<script lang="ts" setup name="Carousel">
import { BannerItem } from '@/types/data'
import { onMounted, onUnmounted, PropType, ref } from 'vue'
// import { PropType } from 'vue'
const props = defineProps({
  slides: {
    type: Array as PropType<BannerItem[]>,
    required: true,
  },
  duration: {
    type: Number,
    default: 3000,
  },
  autoPlay: {
    type: Boolean,
    default: false,
  },
})
// const props = defineProps<{
//   slides: BannerItem[]
// }>()
// 控制高亮
const active = ref(0)
const prev = () => {
  if (active.value <= 0) {
    active.value = props.slides.length - 1
  } else {
    active.value--
  }
}
const next = () => {
  if (active.value >= props.slides.length - 1) {
    active.value = 0
  } else {
    active.value++
  }
}
const play = () => {
  // 如果没有自动播放
  if (!props.autoPlay) return
  // 在ts中,使用定时器,window.setInterval
  timer = window.setInterval(() => {
    next()
  }, props.duration)
}
const stop = () => {
  clearInterval(timer)
}
let timer = -1
// 自动播放
onMounted(() => {
  play()
})
onUnmounted(() => {
  stop()
})
</script>

(4)鼠标进入和离开操作

<div class="carousel" @mouseenter="stop" @mouseleave="play">

(5)鼠标经过小圆点切换

<span
  v-for="(item, index) in slides"
  :key="item.id"
  :class="{ active: active === index }"
  @mouseenter="active = index"
></span>

(6)点击左右箭头切换

const prev = () => {
  if (active.value === 0) {
    active.value = props.slides.length - 1
  } else {
    active.value--
  }
}
const next = () => {
  if (active.value === props.slides.length - 1) {
    active.value = 0
  } else {
    active.value++
  }
}
// 注册事件
<a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  class="carousel-btn prev" @click="prev">
  <i class="iconfont icon-angle-left"></i>
</a>
<a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  class="carousel-btn next" @click="next">
  <i class="iconfont icon-angle-right"></i>
</a>
vascript
const prev = () => {
  if (active.value === 0) {
    active.value = props.slides.length - 1
  } else {
    active.value--
  }
}
const next = () => {
  if (active.value === props.slides.length - 1) {
    active.value = 0
  } else {
    active.value++
  }
}
// 注册事件
<a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  class="carousel-btn prev" @click="prev">
  <i class="iconfont icon-angle-left"></i>
</a>
<a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  class="carousel-btn next" @click="next">
  <i class="iconfont icon-angle-right"></i>
</a>

到此这篇关于Vue实现轮播图组件的封装的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关Vue轮播图组件封装内容请搜索脚本之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持脚本之家!

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