Python fileinput模块使用实例

import fileinput
for line in fileinput.input():
    process(line)

fileinput.input([files[, inplace[, backup[, bufsize[, mode[, openhook]]]]]])

fileinput.input (files=None, inplace=False, backup='', bufsize=0, mode='r', openhook=None)
files:                  #文件的路径列表，默认是stdin方式，多文件['1.txt','2.txt',...] 
inplace:                #是否将标准输出的结果写回文件，默认不取代 
backup:                 #备份文件的扩展名，只指定扩展名，如.bak。如果该文件的备份文件已存在，则会自动覆盖。 
bufsize:                #缓冲区大小，默认为0，如果文件很大，可以修改此参数，一般默认即可 
mode:                   #读写模式，默认为只读 
openhook:               #该钩子用于控制打开的所有文件，比如说编码方式等; 

fileinput.input()       #返回能够用于for循环遍历的对象 
fileinput.filename()    #返回当前文件的名称 
fileinput.lineno()      #返回当前已经读取的行的数量（或者序号） 
fileinput.filelineno()  #返回当前读取的行的行号 
fileinput.isfirstline() #检查当前行是否是文件的第一行 
fileinput.isstdin()     #判断最后一行是否从stdin中读取 
fileinput.close()       #关闭队列 

>>> import fileinput 
>>> for line in fileinput.input('data.txt'): 
        print line, 
#输出结果 
Python 
Java  
C/C++ 
Shell 

#test.py 
import fileinput 
 
for line in fileinput.input(): 
    print fileinput.filename(),'|','Line Number:',fileinput.lineno(),'|: ',line 
 
c:>python test.py data.txt 
data.txt | Line Number: 1 |:  Python 
data.txt | Line Number: 2 |:  Java 
data.txt | Line Number: 3 |:  C/C++ 
data.txt | Line Number: 4 |:  Shell 

#test.py 
#---样本文件--- 
c:\Python27>type 1.txt 
first 
second 
 
c:\Python27>type 2.txt 
third 
fourth 
#---样本文件--- 
import fileinput 
 
def process(line): 
    return line.rstrip() + ' line' 
 
for line in fileinput.input(['1.txt','2.txt'],inplace=1): 
    print process(line) 
 
#---结果输出--- 
c:\Python27>type 1.txt 
first line 
second line 
 
c:\Python27>type 2.txt 
third line 
fourth line 
#---结果输出--- 

#test.py 
import fileinput 
 
def process(line): 
    return line.rstrip() + ' line' 
 
for line in fileinput.input(inplace = True): 
    print process(line) 
 
#执行命令 
c:\Python27>python test.py 1.txt 2.txt 

#样本文件: 
#data.txt 
Python 
Java 
C/C++ 
Shell 
 
#FileName: test.py 
import fileinput 
 
for line in fileinput.input('data.txt',backup='.bak',inplace=1): 
    print line.rstrip().replace('Python','Perl')  #或者print line.replace('Python','Perl'), 
     
#最后结果: 
#data.txt 
Python 
Java 
C/C++ 
Shell 
#并生成: 
#data.txt.bak文件 

#其效果等同于下面的方式 
import fileinput 
for line in fileinput.input(): 
    print 'Tag:',line, 
 
 
#---测试结果:    
d:\>python Learn.py < data.txt > data_out.txt 

import fileinput 
import sys 
 
for line in fileinput.input(inplace=True): 
    #将Windows/DOS格式下的文本文件转为Linux的文件 
    if line[-2:] == "\r\n":   
        line = line + "\n" 
    sys.stdout.write(line) 

#FileName: test.py 
import sys 
import fileinput 
 
for line in fileinput.input(r'C:\Python27\info.txt'): 
    sys.stdout.write('=> ') 
    sys.stdout.write(line) 
 
#输出结果    
>>>  
=> The Zen of Python, by Tim Peters 
=>  
=> Beautiful is better than ugly. 
=> Explicit is better than implicit. 
=> Simple is better than complex. 
=> Complex is better than complicated. 
=> Flat is better than nested. 
=> Sparse is better than dense. 
=> Readability counts. 
=> Special cases aren't special enough to break the rules. 
=> Although practicality beats purity. 
=> Errors should never pass silently. 
=> Unless explicitly silenced. 
=> In the face of ambiguity, refuse the temptation to guess. 
=> There should be one-- and preferably only one --obvious way to do it. 
=> Although that way may not be obvious at first unless you're Dutch. 
=> Now is better than never. 
=> Although never is often better than *right* now. 
=> If the implementation is hard to explain, it's a bad idea. 
=> If the implementation is easy to explain, it may be a good idea. 
=> Namespaces are one honking great idea -- let's do more of those! 

#---测试文件: test.txt test1.txt test2.txt test3.txt--- 
#---脚本文件: test.py--- 
import fileinput 
import glob 
 
for line in fileinput.input(glob.glob("test*.txt")): 
    if fileinput.isfirstline(): 
        print '-'*20, 'Reading %s...' % fileinput.filename(), '-'*20 
    print str(fileinput.lineno()) + ': ' + line.upper(), 
     
     
#---输出结果: 
>>>  
-------------------- Reading test.txt... -------------------- 
1: AAAAA 
2: BBBBB 
3: CCCCC 
4: DDDDD 
5: FFFFF 
-------------------- Reading test1.txt... -------------------- 
6: FIRST LINE 
7: SECOND LINE 
-------------------- Reading test2.txt... -------------------- 
8: THIRD LINE 
9: FOURTH LINE 
-------------------- Reading test3.txt... -------------------- 
10: THIS IS LINE 1 
11: THIS IS LINE 2 
12: THIS IS LINE 3 
13: THIS IS LINE 4 

#--样本文件-- 
aaa 
1970-01-01 13:45:30  Error: **** Due to System Disk spacke not enough... 
bbb 
1970-01-02 10:20:30  Error: **** Due to System Out of Memory... 
ccc 
 
#---测试脚本--- 
import re 
import fileinput 
import sys 
 
pattern = '\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2} \d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}' 
 
for line in fileinput.input('error.log',backup='.bak',inplace=1): 
    if re.search(pattern,line): 
        sys.stdout.write("=> ") 
        sys.stdout.write(line) 
 
#---测试结果--- 
=> 1970-01-01 13:45:30  Error: **** Due to System Disk spacke not enough... 
=> 1970-01-02 10:20:30  Error: **** Due to System Out of Memory... 

#---样本文件: phone.txt--- 
010-110-12345 
800-333-1234 
010-99999999 
05718888888 
021-88888888 
 
#---测试脚本: test.py--- 
import re 
import fileinput 
 
pattern = '[010|021]-\d{8}'  #提取区号为010或021电话号码，格式:010-12345678 
 
for line in fileinput.input('phone.txt'): 
    if re.search(pattern,line): 
        print '=' * 50 
        print 'Filename:'+ fileinput.filename()+' | Line Number:'+str(fileinput.lineno())+' | '+line, 
 
#---输出结果:--- 
>>>  
================================================== 
Filename:phone.txt | Line Number:3 | 010-99999999 
================================================== 
Filename:phone.txt | Line Number:5 | 021-88888888 
>>>  

import sys 
import re 
import fileinput 
 
pattern= re.compile(sys.argv[1]) 
for line in fileinput.input(sys.argv[2]): 
    if pattern.match(line): 
        print fileinput.filename(), fileinput.filelineno(), line 
$ ./test.py import.*re *.py 
#查找所有py文件中，含import re字样的 
addressBook.py  2   import re 
addressBook1.py 10  import re 
addressBook2.py 18  import re 
test.py         238 import re 

#---测试样本: input.txt 
* [Learning Python](#author:Mark Lutz) 
     
#---测试脚本: test.py 
import fileinput 
import re 
  
for line in fileinput.input(): 
    line = re.sub(r'\*
(.∗)
#(.*)', r'<h2 id="\2">\1</h2>', line.rstrip()) 
    print(line) 
 
#---输出结果: 
c:\Python27>python test.py input.txt 
<h2 id="author:Mark Lutz">Learning Python</h2> 

#---测试样本:test.txt 
[@!$First]&[*%-Second]&[Third] 
 
#---测试脚本:test.py 
import re 
import fileinput 
 
regex = re.compile(r'^([^&]*)(&)([^&]*)(&)([^&]*)') 
#整行以&分割，要实现[@!$First]与[*%-Second]互换 
for line in fileinput.input('test.txt',inplace=1,backup='.bak'): 
    print regex.sub(r'\3\2\1\4\5',line), 
 
#---输出结果: 
[*%-Second]&[@!$First]&[Third] 

#---样本数据: host.txt 
# localhost is used to configure the loopback interface 
# when the system is booting.  Do not change this entry. 
127.0.0.1      localhost 
192.168.100.2  www.test2.com 
192.168.100.3  www.test3.com 
192.168.100.4  www.test4.com 
 
#---测试脚本: test.py 
import sys 
import fileinput 
 
source = sys.argv[1] 
target = sys.argv[2] 
files  = sys.argv[3:] 
 
for line in fileinput.input(files,backup='.bak',openhook=fileinput.hook_encoded("gb2312")): 
    #对打开的文件执行中文字符集编码 
    line = line.rstrip().replace(source,target) 
    print line 
     
#---输出结果:     
c:\>python test.py 192.168.100 127.0.0 host.txt 
#将host文件中，所有192.168.100转换为:127.0.0 
127.0.0.1  localhost 
127.0.0.2  www.test2.com 
127.0.0.3  www.test3.com 
127.0.0.4  www.test4.com