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Oracle数据迁移MySQL的三种简单方法

 更新时间：2023年06月05日 10:58:16   作者：牛牛的笔记  
对于许多企业而言,迁移数据库时最大的挑战之一是如何从一个数据库平台顺利迁移到另一个平台,下面这篇文章主要给大家介绍了关于Oracle数据迁移MySQL的三种简单方法,需要的朋友可以参考下

前言:

现今，Oracle数据迁移MySQL的需求已经越来越普遍，主要的迁移场景大致可以分为三类，第一类是涉及小表以及少量表的一次性迁移，无需进行增量同步，第二类是涉及大表以及多表的一次性迁移，第三类是涉及增量实时同步，而对于数据的迁移方法，常见的方式有使用第三方的同步工具CDC进行Oracle到MySQL的数据迁移、使用开源的同步工具以及应用层面进行迁移同步。

基于作者的迁移实施经验，本文接下来将讲述三种操作相对简单，可落地的Oracle数据迁移MySQL的方法。

测试迁移方法:

迁移方法适合场景测试场景
navicat操作简单，同步效率一般，适合小表的一次性迁移Oracle一次性同步表test.test1到MySQL下的db1.test1
navicat+sqluldr+load data infile操作较复杂，同步效率高，适合少量大表的一次性迁移Oracle一次性同步表test.test1到MySQL下的db1.test1
navicat+Oracle GoldenGate(OGG)操作复杂，同步效率较高，适合需要大批量的大表进行迁移以及需要实时增量同步Oracle全量+实时增量同步表test.test1,test2到MySQL下的db1.test1,test2

迁移方式一(navicat)

这种迁移方式主要适合小表的一次性迁移，navicat的同步效率速度一般。

迁移开始之前，我们需要先安装navicat，在一台能访问Oracle源端和MySQL目标端的机器上安装即可。

安装完navicat之后，配置源端Oracle连接

配置目标端MySQL连接

开始进行迁移，选择工具--->数据传输

选择源端Oracle以及目标端MySQL

下一步选择要同步的表TEST，也可以选择同步全部表

传输模式选择自动，点下一步开始进行同步

传输同步完成，整个同步的效率还是较慢的，7.2W的数据，用了1分钟。

迁移方式二(navicat+sqluldr+load data infile)

这种迁移方式主要适合少量大表的一次性迁移，通过navicat工具进行Oracle-->MySQL表结构转化,再通过sqluldr将Oracle数据导出到本地文件，最后再通过load data infile将数据导入MySQL。

注:navicat工具虽然有同步数据的功能，但在实际的操作过程中，同步数据的效率以及成功率都很低，所以这里只作为数据字典转化的工具。

使用navicat工具进行表结构同步，步骤可以参考迁移方式一里面的操作，主要在数据传输同步时，选项里面只同步表结构，不创建记录。

点击开始，完成表结构同步

接下来进行数据的导出导入，先安装导出工具sqluldr

---解压安装包
unzip sqluldr2linux64.zip 
 ./sqluldr2linux64.bin --help
---拷贝sqluldr2linux64.bin到$ORACLE_HOME的bin目录
cp -rp sqluldr2linux64.bin $ORACLE_HOME/bin
---重命名为sqluldr2.bin
mv sqluldr2linux64.bin sqluldr2.bin

测试安装成功

[oracle@rac19a ~]$ sqluldr2.bin --help
​
SQL*UnLoader: Fast Oracle Text Unloader (GZIP, Parallel), Release 4.0.1
(@) Copyright Lou Fangxin (AnySQL.net) 2004 - 2010, all rights reserved.
​
License: Free for non-commercial useage, else 100 USD per server.
​
Usage: SQLULDR2 keyword=value [,keyword=value,...]
​
Valid Keywords:
   user    = username/password@tnsname
   sql     = SQL file name
   query   = select statement
   field   = separator string between fields
   record  = separator string between records
   rows    = print progress for every given rows (default, 1000000) 
   file    = output file name(default: uldrdata.txt)
   log     = log file name, prefix with + to append mode
   fast    = auto tuning the session level parameters(YES)
   text    = output type (MYSQL, CSV, MYSQLINS, ORACLEINS, FORM, SEARCH).
   charset = character set name of the target database.
   ncharset= national character set name of the target database.
   parfile = read command option from parameter file 
​
  for field and record, you can use '0x' to specify hex character code,
  \r=0x0d \n=0x0a |=0x7c ,=0x2c, \t=0x09, :=0x3a, #=0x23, "=0x22 '=0x27

使用sqluldr导出为文本类型为MYSQL

sqluldr2.bin user=test/oracle@pdb1  query="select * from test"   text=MYSQL  field=',' charset=AL32UTF8 head='NO' file=/home/oracle/test_001.csv log=test.log

导出过程很快，58w的数据，只需要7秒

 0 rows exported at 2022-10-12 22:18:14, size 0 MB.
      583680 rows exported at 2022-10-12 22:18:21, size 108 MB.
         output file /home/oracle/test_001.csv closed at 583680 rows, size 108 MB.

再将从Oracle导出的MYSQL文件导入MySQL数据库

LOAD DATA INFILE '/tmp/test_001.csv' INTO TABLE test FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' ENCLOSED BY '"';

导入过程很快，58w的数据，只需要13秒

test@mysql.sock 22:38:  [db1]>LOAD DATA INFILE '/tmp/test_001.csv' INTO TABLE test FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' ENCLOSED BY '"';
Query OK, 583680 rows affected (13.43 sec)
Records: 583680  Deleted: 0  Skipped: 0  Warnings: 0

整个数据同步过程还是较快的，但操作步骤较为繁琐，不太适合多表操作。

迁移方式三(navicat+Oracle GoldenGate(OGG))

这种迁移方式适合大批量的大表或者需要增量同步的表进行迁移，支持全量初始化+Oracle GoldenGate(OGG)增量同步，通过navicat工具进行Oracle-->MySQL表结构转化，再通过数据同步工具OGG进行全量表初始化以及后续的增量同步。

注意:使用增量方式同步的表都需要有主键，确保每行数据的唯一。

先使用navicat进行表结构的转化，具体参考迁移方式二里面的步骤。

Oracle源端配置OGG准备

1 数据库开启归档模式
---查看是否开启归档模式
archive log list
---开启归档模式
startup mount
alter database archvielog ;
alter database open;
​
2 数据库开启force_logging
---查看是否开启force logging
select force_logging from v$database;
----开启force logging
alter database force logging;
alter system switch logfile;
​
3 数据库开启补充日志supplemental logging
---查看补充日志
SELECT supplemental_log_data FROM v$database; 
---开启补充日志
ALTER DATABASE ADD SUPPLEMENTAL LOG DATA; 
Alter system switch logfile;
4 开启ogg参数
alter system set enable_goldengate_replication=true scope=both;
5 配置stream_pool大小
(MAX_SGA_SIZE * # of integrated Extracts) + 25% head room 
For example, using the default values for the MAX_SGA_SIZE with two integrated Extracts: 
( 1GB * 2 ) * 1.25  = 2.50GB STREAMS_POOL_SIZE = 2560M

MySQL目标端配置OGG准备

1 开启bin_log
---确认是否开启bin_log
show variables like 'log_bin';
2 开启bin_log(需要重启生效)
在my,cnf 中 [mysqld]  添加如下
[mysqld]
# binlog configuration
log-bin = /usr/local/var/mysql/logs/mysql-bin.log
expire-logs-days = 14
max-binlog-size = 500M
server-id = 1
​
2 确认binlog_format
----确认格式为row
show variables like 'binlog_format';
​
3 确认sql_mode  
----确认包含STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
show variables like 'sql_mode';
​
4 确认版本
----确认版本，5.7.10之后才支持部分DDL
（CREATE TABLE, ALTER TABLE, and DROP TABLE operations are supported.）
select version();

创建ogg同步用户

1 oracle源端同步用户创建

create tablespace ogg_tbs datafile size 1g;
create user ogg identified by "oggoracle";
grant resource,dba,connect to ogg;

2 mysql目标端同步用户创建

CREATE USER ogg IDENTIFIED by "oggmysql";
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'ogg'@'%';

Oracle源端安装ogg软件

1 配置环境变量

---/home/oracle/.bash_profile
export OGG_HOME=/u01/app/ogg
export PATH=$OGG_HOME:$PATH

2 解压安装ogg软件

---解压安装ogg软件，安装包:p31766135_191004_Linux-x86-64.zip
cd /tmp/ 
unzip p31766135_191004_Linux-x86-64.zip 
cd 31766135/
mv files/* /u01/app/ogg/
---验证
oracle@rac19b ~]$ ggsci 
​
Oracle GoldenGate Command Interpreter for Oracle
Version 19.1.0.0.4 31637694_FBO
Linux, x64, 64bit (optimized), Oracle 19c on Aug 19 2020 20:08:53
Operating system character set identified as UTF-8.
​
Copyright (C) 1995, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
​
GGSCI (rac19b) 1>

3 创建ogg配置目录

GGSCI (rac19b) 10> create subdirs
​
Creating subdirectories under current directory /home/oracle
​
Parameter file                 /u01/app/ogg/dirprm: created.
Report file                    /u01/app/ogg/dirrpt: created.
Checkpoint file                /u01/app/ogg/dirchk: created.
Process status files           /u01/app/ogg/dirpcs: created.
SQL script files               /u01/app/ogg/dirsql: created.
Database definitions files     /u01/app/ogg/dirdef: created.
Extract data files             /u01/app/ogg/dirdat: created.
Temporary files                /u01/app/ogg/dirtmp: created.
Credential store files         /u01/app/ogg/dircrd: created.
Masterkey wallet files         /u01/app/ogg/dirwlt: created.
Dump files                     /u01/app/ogg/dirdmp: created.
​
GGSCI (rac19b) 11>

4 启动MGR进程

---编辑mgr配置
cd /u01/app/ogg/
./ggsci
GGSCI (rac19b) 1> edit params mgr
---配置以下参数
PORT 7809 
autorestart extract * ,waitminutes 2,resetminutes 5
PURGEOLDEXTRACTS  /u01/app/ogg/dirdat/*,USECHECKPOINTS,MINKEEPDAYS 5
LAGREPORTHOURS 1
LAGINFOMINUTES 30
LAGCRITICALMINUTES 45 
---启动mgr进程
GGSCI (rac19b) 1> start mgr
Manager started.
​
GGSCI (rac19b) 2> info all
​
Program     Status      Group       Lag at Chkpt  Time Since Chkpt
​
MANAGER     RUNNING
​

MySQL目标端安装ogg软件

1 配置环境变量

---/etc/profile
export OGG_HOME=/opt/ogg
export PATH=$OGG_HOME:$PATH

2 解压安装ogg软件

---解压安装ogg软件，安装包:ggs_Linux_x64_MySQL_64bit.tar 
cd ogg/
tar xvf /tmp/ggs_Linux_x64_MySQL_64bit.tar 
---验证
[mysql@rac19a ~]$ ggsci 
​
Oracle GoldenGate Command Interpreter for MySQL
Version 19.1.0.0.3 OGGCORE_19.1.0.0.0_PLATFORMS_190907.0144
Linux, x64, 64bit (optimized), MySQL Enterprise on Sep  7 2019 08:41:32
Operating system character set identified as UTF-8.
​
Copyright (C) 1995, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

3 创建ogg配置目录

GGSCI (rac19a) 1> create subdirs
​
Creating subdirectories under current directory /home/mysql
​
Parameter file                 /opt/ogg/dirprm: created.
Report file                    /opt/ogg/dirrpt: created.
Checkpoint file                /opt/ogg/dirchk: created.
Process status files           /opt/ogg/dirpcs: created.
SQL script files               /opt/ogg/dirsql: created.
Database definitions files     /opt/ogg/dirdef: created.
Extract data files             /opt/ogg/dirdat: created.
Temporary files                /opt/ogg/dirtmp: created.
Credential store files         /opt/ogg/dircrd: created.
Masterkey wallet files         /opt/ogg/dirwlt: created.
Dump files                     /opt/ogg/dirdmp: created.

4 启动MGR进程

---编辑mgr配置
cd /opt/ogg/
./ggsci
GGSCI (rac19b) 1> edit params mgr
---配置以下参数
PORT 7809 
AUTOSTART REPLICAT *
AUTORESTART REPLICAT *,RETRIES 5,WAITMINUTES 2,RESETMINUTES 10
PURGEOLDEXTRACTS  /opt/ogg/dirdat/*,USECHECKPOINTS,MINKEEPDAYS 5
ACCESSRULE, PROG *, IPADDR 192.168.2.*, ALLOW
LAGREPORTHOURS 1
LAGINFOMINUTES 30
LAGCRITICALMINUTES 45
---启动mgr进程
GGSCI (rac19a) 2> start mgr
Manager started.
​
​
GGSCI (rac19a) 3> info all
​
Program     Status      Group       Lag at Chkpt  Time Since Chkpt
​
MANAGER     RUNNING

5 配置全局文件以及检查表

---ogg连接MySQL
GGSCI (rac19a DBLOGIN as ogg) 8> dblogin sourcedb db1@192.168.2.201:3306,userid ogg,password oggmysql
Successfully logged into database.
---创建检查表
GGSCI (rac19a DBLOGIN as ogg) 9> ADD CHECKPOINTTABLE db1.checkpoint
​
Successfully created checkpoint table db1.checkpoint.
​
GGSCI (rac19a DBLOGIN as ogg) 10> 
---配置文件设置全局检查表
GGSCI (rac19a DBLOGIN as ogg) 10> edit params ./GLOBALS 
---添加以下配置
CHECKPOINTTABLE db1.checkpoint

Oracle源端配置抽取以及投递进程(增量进程)

1 对同步表添加补充日志

---ogg连接Oracle
GGSCI (rac19b) 3> dblogin userid ogg password oggoracle  
Successfully logged into database.
---为表test.test1添加同步日志
GGSCI (rac19b as ogg@testdb) 4> add trandata test.test1    
​
2022-10-13 13:08:58  INFO    OGG-15132  Logging of supplemental redo data enabled for table TEST.TEST1.
​
2022-10-13 13:08:58  INFO    OGG-15133  TRANDATA for scheduling columns has been added on table TEST.TEST1.
​
2022-10-13 13:08:58  INFO    OGG-15135  TRANDATA for instantiation CSN has been added on table TEST.TEST1.
​
2022-10-13 13:08:59  INFO    OGG-10471  ***** Oracle Goldengate support information on table TEST.TEST1 ***** 
Oracle Goldengate support native capture on table TEST.TEST1.
Oracle Goldengate marked following column as key columns on table TEST.TEST1: ID.
---为表test.test2添加同步日志
GGSCI (rac19b as ogg@testdb) 5> add trandata test.test2
​
2022-10-13 13:09:04  INFO    OGG-15132  Logging of supplemental redo data enabled for table TEST.TEST2.
​
2022-10-13 13:09:04  INFO    OGG-15133  TRANDATA for scheduling columns has been added on table TEST.TEST2.
​
2022-10-13 13:09:04  INFO    OGG-15135  TRANDATA for instantiation CSN has been added on table TEST.TEST2.
​
2022-10-13 13:09:04  INFO    OGG-10471  ***** Oracle Goldengate support information on table TEST.TEST2 ***** 
Oracle Goldengate support native capture on table TEST.TEST2.
Oracle Goldengate marked following column as key columns on table TEST.TEST2: ID.
​
GGSCI (rac19b as ogg@testdb) 6>

2 创建EXTRACT抽取进程 

GGSCI (rac19b) 2> edit params e_test
​
extract E_TEST
SETENV (ORACLE_HOME = "/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1")
SETENV (ORACLE_SID = "testdb")
SETENV (NLS_LANG = "AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8")
userid ogg, password oggoracle
exttrail ./dirdat/es
​
gettruncates 
TRANLOGOPTIONS INCLUDEREGIONID,EXCLUDEUSER ogg
TRANLOGOPTIONS BUFSIZE 2048000
TRANLOGOPTIONS DBLOGREADER,DBLOGREADERBUFSIZE 2048000
​
DISCARDFILE ./dirrpt/E_TEST.dsc,APPEND,MEGABYTES 1000
DISCARDROLLOVER AT 6:00
REPORTROLLOVER AT 6:00
REPORTCOUNT EVERY 1 HOURS,RATE
​
​
FETCHOPTIONS MISSINGROW ABEND
STATOPTIONS REPORTFETCH
​
WARNLONGTRANS 1H,CHECKINTERVAL 10m                                                
​
DYNAMICRESOLUTION
TABLE  TEST.TEST1;
TABLE  TEST.TEST2;

3 设置EXTRACT抽取进程参数

GGSCI (rac19b) 2> edit params e_test
​
extract E_TEST
SETENV (ORACLE_HOME = "/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1")
SETENV (ORACLE_SID = "testdb")
SETENV (NLS_LANG = "AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8")
userid ogg, password oggoracle
exttrail ./dirdat/es
​
gettruncates 
TRANLOGOPTIONS INCLUDEREGIONID,EXCLUDEUSER ogg
TRANLOGOPTIONS BUFSIZE 2048000
TRANLOGOPTIONS DBLOGREADER,DBLOGREADERBUFSIZE 2048000
​
DISCARDFILE ./dirrpt/E_TEST.dsc,APPEND,MEGABYTES 1000
DISCARDROLLOVER AT 6:00
REPORTROLLOVER AT 6:00
REPORTCOUNT EVERY 1 HOURS,RATE​
​
FETCHOPTIONS MISSINGROW ABEND
STATOPTIONS REPORTFETCH
​
WARNLONGTRANS 1H,CHECKINTERVAL 10m                                                
​
DYNAMICRESOLUTION
TABLE  TEST.TEST1;
TABLE  TEST.TEST2;

4 创建EXTRACT投递进程  

GGSCI (rac19b) 3> add extract P_TEST,exttrailsource ./dirdat/es
EXTRACT added.
​
GGSCI (rac19b) 4> add RMTTRAIL ./dirdat/rs,ext P_TEST,megabytes 1000
RMTTRAIL added.
​
GGSCI (rac19b) 5>
​

5 设置EXTRACT投递进程参数

extract P_TEST
userid ogg, password oggoracle
rmthost 192.168.2.201, mgrport 7809
rmttrail /opt/ogg/dirdat/rs
passthru
​
DISCARDFILE ./dirrpt/P_TEST.dsc,APPEND,MEGABYTES 1000
DISCARDROLLOVER AT 6:00
​
REPORTROLLOVER AT 6:00
REPORTCOUNT EVERY 1 HOURS,RATE
​
TABLE  TEST.TEST1;
TABLE  TEST.TEST2;

6 启动源端抽取以及投递进程

---启动抽取以及投递进程
GGSCI (rac19b) 8> start *test
​
Sending START request to MANAGER ...
EXTRACT E_TEST starting
​
Sending START request to MANAGER ...
EXTRACT P_TEST starting
​
---确认状态正常running
GGSCI (rac19b) 14> info all
​
Program     Status      Group       Lag at Chkpt  Time Since Chkpt
​
MANAGER     RUNNING                                           
EXTRACT     RUNNING     E_TEST      00:00:02      00:00:07    
EXTRACT     RUNNING     P_TEST      00:00:00      00:00:03    
​
GGSCI (rac19b) 15> 
---确认目标端能接收到队列文件
​
[mysql@rac19a dirdat]$ ls -rlth
total 20K
-rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 19K Oct 13 13:24 rs000000000
[mysql@rac19a dirdat]$

MySQL目标端配置复制进程(增量进程)

1 添加复制进程

GGSCI (rac19a DBLOGIN as ogg) 11> add replicat r_test,exttrail /opt/ogg/dirdat/rs,checkpointtable db1.checkpoint 
REPLICAT added.
​
GGSCI (rac19a DBLOGIN as ogg) 12> info all
​
Program     Status      Group       Lag at Chkpt  Time Since Chkpt
​
MANAGER     RUNNING                                           
REPLICAT    STOPPED     R_TEST      00:00:00      00:00:04

2 配置复制进程参数

GGSCI (rac19a DBLOGIN as ogg) 13> edit params r_test
​
replicat r_test
setenv (MYSQL_HOME="/usr/local/mysql")
setenv (MYSQL_UNIX_PORT="/opt/mysql/data/mysql.sock")
dboptions host 192.168.2.201,connectionport 3306
targetdb db1,userid ogg, password oggmysql
​
discardfile /opt/ogg/dirrpt/r_test.dsc,append,megabytes 1000
DISCARDROLLOVER AT 6:00
​
REPERROR (DEFAULT, ABEND)
​
MAXTRANSOPS 5000
       
HANDLECOLLISIONS
REPORTROLLOVER AT 6:00
REPORTCOUNT EVERY 1 HOURS, RATE
 MAP test.test1,  TARGET  db1.test1;                                                   
 MAP test.test2,  TARGET  db1.test2;

3 HANDLECOLLISIONS参数说明

参数是实现 OGG 全量数据与增量数据衔接的关键，其实现原理是在全量数据初始完成之后，开启增量抽取进程，应用全量数据初始化期间产生的 redo log。

当全量应用完成后，开启增量回放进程，应用全量期间的增量数据。可能会出现数据冲突的情况，这就是为什么表一定要有主键或者唯一键，使用该参数后增量回放 DML 语句时主要有以下冲突场景及处理逻辑：

1 目标端不存在 delete 语句的记录，忽略该问题并不记录到 discardfile。

2 目标端丢失 update 记录，更新的是主键值，update 转换成 insert，更新的键值是非主键，忽略该问题并不记录到 discardfile。

3 目标端重复 insert 已存在的主键值，这将被 replicat 进程转换为 UPDATE 现有主键值的。

4 在初始化数据，并追完增量数据之后，建议把HANDLECOLLISIONS参数去掉，Oracle官方建议不要一直使用该参数,这可能导致数据不准。

Oracle源端配置数据初始化进程(数据全量初始化进程)

1 添加初始化进程

GGSCI (rac19b) 17> add extract e_init,sourceistable
EXTRACT added.

2 配置初始化进程

GGSCI (rac19b) 20> edit params e_init
​
extract e_init
SETENV (ORACLE_HOME = "/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1")
SETENV (ORACLE_SID = "testdb")
SETENV (NLS_LANG = "AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8")
userid ogg, password oggoracle
RMTHOST 192.168.2.201,MGRPORT 7809
RMTTASK REPLICAT,GROUP r_init
​
table  test.test1;
table  test.test2;

MySQL目标端配置数据初始化进程(数据全量初始化进程)

1 添加初始化进程

GGSCI (rac19b) 17> add extract e_init,sourceistable
EXTRACT added.

2 配置初始化进程

GGSCI (rac19b) 20> edit params e_init
​
extract e_init
SETENV (ORACLE_HOME = "/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1")
SETENV (ORACLE_SID = "testdb")
SETENV (NLS_LANG = "AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8")
userid ogg, password oggoracle
RMTHOST 192.168.2.201,MGRPORT 7809
RMTTASK REPLICAT,GROUP r_init
​
table  test.test1;
table  test.test2;

全量数据初始化

数据初始化会将全表的数据通过创建的ogg进程e_init,r_init从Oracle源端同步到MySQL目标端。

1 启动Oracle源端的e_init初始化进程

GGSCI (rac19a DBLOGIN as ogg) 17> add replicat r_init,specialrun 
REPLICAT added.

2 目标端查看同步的进度

GGSCI (rac19a DBLOGIN as ogg) 18> edit params r_init
​
replicat r_init
setenv (MYSQL_HOME="/usr/local/mysql")
setenv (MYSQL_UNIX_PORT="/opt/mysql/data/mysql.sock")
dboptions host 192.168.2.201,connectionport 3306
targetdb db1,userid ogg, password oggmysql
discardfile /opt/ogg/dirrpt/r_init.dsc,append,megabytes 1000
MAXTRANSOPS 5000
 MAP test.test1,  TARGET  db1.test1;                                                   
 MAP test.test2,  TARGET  db1.test2;

3 同步完成，会输出总的数量

Report at 2022-10-13 14:35:19 (activity since 2022-10-13 14:30:57)
​
Output to r_init:
​
From Table TEST.TEST1:
       #                   inserts:    999901
       #                   updates:         0
       #                   deletes:         0
       #                   upserts:         0
       #                  discards:         0
From Table TEST.TEST2:
       #                   inserts:   1000000
       #                   updates:         0
       #                   deletes:         0
       #                   upserts:         0
       #                  discards:         0​
​
REDO Log Statistics
  Bytes parsed                    0
  Bytes output            285986537

增量数据同步

1 启动目标端复制进程r_test

GGSCI (rac19a DBLOGIN as ogg) 65> start r_test
​
Sending START request to MANAGER ...
REPLICAT R_TEST starting​
​
GGSCI (rac19a DBLOGIN as ogg) 66> info all
​
Program     Status      Group       Lag at Chkpt  Time Since Chkpt
​
MANAGER     RUNNING                                           
REPLICAT    RUNNING     R_TEST      00:00:00      00:00:01

2 查看增量同步信息

GGSCI (rac19a DBLOGIN as ogg) 67> stats r_test
​
Sending STATS request to REPLICAT R_TEST ...
​
Start of Statistics at 2022-10-13 14:45:24.
​
Replicating from TEST.TEST1 to db1.test1:
​
---collisions解决冲突数据的行数
*** Total statistics since 2022-10-13 14:45:17 ***
  Total inserts                                0.00
  Total updates                                0.00
  Total deletes                               99.00
  Total upserts                                0.00
  Total discards                               0.00
  Total operations                            99.00
  Total delete collisions                     99.00
​
​
Replicating from TEST.TEST2 to db1.test2:
---增量update了10行
*** Total statistics since 2022-10-13 14:45:17 ***
  Total inserts                                0.00
  Total updates                               10.00
  Total deletes                                0.00
  Total upserts                                0.00
  Total discards                               0.00
  Total operations                            10.00​
​
End of Statistics.
​

3 注释去除HANDLECOLLISIONS参数

注:要在增量同步进程应用完初始化期间产生的日志以及实时同步之后，再去除参数。

#编辑配置文件，注释---HANDLECOLLISIONS
GGSCI (rac19a DBLOGIN as ogg) 71> edit params r_test
​
replicat r_test
setenv (MYSQL_HOME="/usr/local/mysql")
setenv (MYSQL_UNIX_PORT="/opt/mysql/data/mysql.sock")
dboptions host 192.168.2.201,connectionport 3306
targetdb db1,userid ogg, password oggmysql
​
discardfile /opt/ogg/dirrpt/r_test.dsc,append,megabytes 1000
DISCARDROLLOVER AT 6:00
​
REPERROR (DEFAULT, ABEND)
​
MAXTRANSOPS 5000​
​
---HANDLECOLLISIONS
REPORTROLLOVER AT 6:00
REPORTCOUNT EVERY 1 HOURS, RATE
 MAP test.test1,  TARGET  db1.test1;
 MAP test.test2,  TARGET  db1.test2;
​
#重启进程生效
GGSCI (rac19a DBLOGIN as ogg) 73> stop r_test
​
Sending STOP request to REPLICAT R_TEST ...
Request processed.
​
​
GGSCI (rac19a DBLOGIN as ogg) 74> start r_test
​
Sending START request to MANAGER ...
REPLICAT R_TEST starting​
​
GGSCI (rac19a DBLOGIN as ogg) 75>

4 测试数据同步情况

  Oracle源端删除999行数据，当前数据99001

SQL> select count(*) from test.test2;
​
  COUNT(*)
----------
   1000000
​
SQL> delete from test.test2 where rownum<1000;
​
999 rows deleted.
​
SQL> commit;
​
Commit complete.
​
SQL> select count(*) from test.test2;
​
  COUNT(*)
----------
    999001
​
SQL>

MySQL目标端同步删除的操作，数据 一致都为999001

root@mysql.sock 14:33:  [db1]>select count(*) from db1.test2;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
|   999001 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.17 sec)
​
root@mysql.sock 14:54:  [db1]>
​

使用navicat+Oracle GoldenGate(OGG)的方式，操作步骤比较复杂，但如果需要迁移的表多，并且需要实时的增量同步，那么还是比较适合的。

总结

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