删除MySQL表中重复数据详解
前言
一般我们将数据存储在MySQL数据库中,它允许我们存储重复的数据。但是往往重复的数据是作废的、没有用的数据,那么通常我们会使用数据库的唯一索引 unique
键作为限制。问题来了啊,我还没有创建唯一索引捏,数据就重复了(我就是忘了,怎么滴)。
那么如何在一个普通的数据库表中删除重复的数据呢?
那我用一个例子演示一下如何操作。。。
示例
创建示例数据表
CREATE TABLE `flow_card_renewal_comparing` ( `id` bigint(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键id', `iccId` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'ICCID', `expireDate` date DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '到期日期', `result` int(5) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '对比结果', `createTime` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建时间', `createBy` varchar(15) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建人', PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COMMENT='对比结果'
创建示例数据
INSERT INTO flow_card_renewal_comparing(iccId, expireDate, `result`, createTime, createBy) VALUES ('TEST0000111100001330', '2023-02-14', 1, '2023-02-14 15:14:38', NULL), ('TEST0000111100001330', '2023-02-14', 1, '2023-02-14 15:14:38', NULL), ('TEST0000111100001330', '2023-02-14', 1, '2023-02-14 15:14:38', NULL), ('TEST0000111100001334', '2023-02-14', 3, '2023-02-14 15:14:38', NULL), ('TEST0000111100001335', '2023-02-14', 3, '2023-02-14 15:14:38', NULL), ('TEST0000111100001335', '2023-02-14', 3, '2023-02-14 15:14:38', NULL), ('TEST0000111100001335', '2023-02-14', 3, '2023-02-14 15:14:38', NULL), ('TEST0000111100001335', '2023-02-14', 3, '2023-02-14 15:14:38', NULL), ('TEST0000111100001340', '2023-02-14', 3, '2023-02-14 15:14:38', NULL), ('TEST0000111100001341', '2023-02-14', 3, '2023-02-14 15:14:38', NULL), ('TEST0000111100001342', '2023-02-14', 3, '2023-02-14 15:14:38', NULL), ('TEST0000111100001343', '2023-02-14', 3, '2023-02-14 15:14:38', NULL), ('TEST0000111100001343', '2023-02-14', 3, '2023-02-14 15:14:38', NULL), ('TEST0000111100001343', '2023-02-14', 2, '2023-02-14 15:14:38', NULL), ('TEST0000111100001343', '2023-02-14', 2, '2023-02-14 15:14:38', NULL), ('TEST0000111100001343', '2023-02-14', 2, '2023-02-14 15:14:38', NULL);
创建数据如图
数据
现在,我们要根据主键 iccId
去重重复的数据,思路:
- 筛选出有重复的业务主键
iccId
- 查询出 1. 中最小的自增主键
id
- 令要删除的数据
iccId
控制在 1. 和 不等于 2.中 - 同时删除空的业务主键数据
那么便有以下几个查询:
/*1、查询表中有重复数据的主键*/ select rd2.iccId from flow_card_renewal_comparing rd2 GROUP by rd2.iccId having count(rd2.iccId)>1 /*2、查询重复iccid中最小的id号*/ select min(id) from flow_card_renewal_comparing rd2 group by rd2.iccid having count(rd2.iccid)>1 /*3、要删除的重复数据*/ select * from flow_card_renewal_comparing where /*条件为不等于最小id的数据全删除*/ id not in ( select min(id) from flow_card_renewal_comparing rd2 group by rd2.iccid having count(rd2.iccid)>1 ) and iccId in ( /*查询有重复的iccid*/ select rd2.iccId from flow_card_renewal_comparing rd2 GROUP by rd2.iccId having count(rd2.iccId)>1 ) /*4、再删除为空的数据*/ select * from flow_card_renewal_comparing where /*条件为不等于最小id的数据全删除*/ id not in ( select min(id) from flow_card_renewal_comparing rd2 group by rd2.iccid having count(rd2.iccid)>1 ) and iccId in ( /*查询有重复的iccid*/ select rd2.iccId from flow_card_renewal_comparing rd2 GROUP by rd2.iccId having count(rd2.iccId)>1 ) or iccId is null
注意一点是mysql做删除的时候会提示不能用查询的结果来做删除操作,这个时候就需要将查询的数据作为一个临时表,起别名进行删除啦。那么会变成这样:
成品
delete from flow_card_renewal_comparing where /*条件为不等于最小id的数据全删除*/ id not in ( select id from (select min(id) as id from flow_card_renewal_comparing group by iccid having count(iccid)>1) temp1 ) and iccId in ( /*查询有重复的iccid*/ select iccId from (select iccId from flow_card_renewal_comparing GROUP by iccId having count(iccId)>1 ) as temp2 ) or iccId is null
尾言
然后在这里再给数据库的主键设置唯一索引啦!
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