Mysql中使用Union—多表合并之行合并
更新时间:2023年07月03日 11:20:51 作者:榴莲小冰棍
这篇文章主要介绍了Mysql中使用Union—多表合并之行合并,如果我们需要将两个select语句的结果作为一个整体显示出来,我们就需要用到union或者union all关键字,union(或称为联合)的作用是将多个结果合并在一起显示出来,需要的朋友可以参考下
Union (all)语句格式
select 列名 from 表A
union (all)
select 列名 from 表B
注意事项:
- 合并的表的列数必须是一致的,也就是表的列数要相同
- union 与union all 对两个查询结果合并的时候,如果结果有重复,union 会把重复的值删除;
- union 与union all不能与order by同时使用,如果要对结果进行排序,可以用子查询
案例解析
统计20170703—20170709周内每天及本周累计销售金额、订单量、会员数、订单占比
- 统计时间段内每天的累计销售金额、订单量、会员数
- 统计本周累计销售金额、订单量、会员数
- 订单占比
- union合并表
- 对比 union all合并表——因为没有重复数据,所以两表合并结果一样
-- 1、统计时间段内每天的累计销售金额、订单量、会员数 SELECT DATE_FORMAT(dimDateID,'%W') as week_1 /*把时间转化为星期模式*/ ,SUM(AMT) as money ,COUNT(DISTINCT salesID) as num_order /*一个会员一周可以下多单,所以要统计会员数,需要去重*/ ,COUNT(DISTINCT dimMemberID) num_member FROM dw.fct_sales where dimDateID between '20170703' and '20170709' and dimMemberID <>0 group by DATE_FORMAT(dimDateID,'%W') ; -- 2、统计本周累计销售金额、订单量、会员数 SELECT SUM(AMT) as total_money ,COUNT(DISTINCT salesID) as total_num_order ,COUNT(DISTINCT dimMemberID) total_num_member FROM dw.fct_sales where dimDateID between '20170703' and '20170709' and dimMemberID <>0; -- 3、订单占比 SELECT DATE_FORMAT(dimDateID,'%W') AS week_1 ,CONCAT(ROUND( COUNT(DISTINCT salesID)/(SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT salesID) FROM dw.fct_sales where dimDateID between '20170703' and '20170709' and dimMemberID <>0),4)*100,'%') as order_rate FROM dw.fct_sales where dimDateID between '20170703' and '20170709' and dimMemberID <>0 group by DATE_FORMAT(dimDateID,'%W') ; -- 4、union合并表 SELECT DATE_FORMAT(dimDateID,'%W') AS week_1 ,SUM(AMT) as money ,COUNT(DISTINCT salesID) as num_order ,COUNT(DISTINCT dimMemberID) num_member ,CONCAT(ROUND( COUNT(DISTINCT salesID)/( SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT salesID) FROM dw.fct_sales where dimDateID between '20170703' and '20170709' and dimMemberID <>0),4)*100,'%') as order_rate FROM dw.fct_sales where dimDateID between '20170703' and '20170709' and dimMemberID <>0 group by DATE_FORMAT(dimDateID,'%W') UNION SELECT week(dimDateID,1) /*为了保证列数一样,week返回日期为一年中的第几周 weel(date,1):从周一开始为第一天*/ ,SUM(AMT) as total_money ,COUNT(DISTINCT salesID) as total_num_order ,COUNT(DISTINCT dimMemberID) total_num_member ,'100%' as total /*为确保列数一样*/ FROM dw.fct_sales where dimDateID between '20170703' and '20170709' and dimMemberID <>0 group by week(dimDateID,1); /*出现汇总函数需要进行分组*/ -- 5、对比 union all合并表——因为没有重复数据,所以两表合并结果一样 SELECT DATE_FORMAT(dimDateID,'%W') AS week_1 ,SUM(AMT) as money ,COUNT(DISTINCT salesID) as num_order ,COUNT(DISTINCT dimMemberID) num_member ,CONCAT(ROUND( COUNT(DISTINCT salesID)/( SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT salesID) FROM dw.fct_sales where dimDateID between '20170703' and '20170709' and dimMemberID <>0),4)*100,'%') as order_rate FROM dw.fct_sales where dimDateID between '20170703' and '20170709' and dimMemberID <>0 group by DATE_FORMAT(dimDateID,'%W') UNION ALL SELECT week(dimDateID,1) /*为了保证列数一样,week返回日期为一年中的第几周 weel(date,1):从周一开始为第一天*/ ,SUM(AMT) as total_money ,COUNT(DISTINCT salesID) as total_num_order ,COUNT(DISTINCT dimMemberID) total_num_member ,'100%' as total /*为确保列数一样*/ FROM dw.fct_sales where dimDateID between '20170703' and '20170709' and dimMemberID <>0 group by week(dimDateID,1); /*出现汇总函数需要进行分组*/
区分union 和 union all ,利用重复数据对比,合并两个一模一样的表
-- union SELECT DATE_FORMAT(dimDateID,'%W') as week_1 /*把时间转化为星期模式*/ ,SUM(AMT) as money ,COUNT(DISTINCT salesID) as num_order /*一个会员一周可以下多单,所以要统计会员数,需要去重*/ ,COUNT(DISTINCT dimMemberID) num_member FROM dw.fct_sales where dimDateID between '20170703' and '20170709' and dimMemberID <>0 group by DATE_FORMAT(dimDateID,'%W') UNION SELECT DATE_FORMAT(dimDateID,'%W') as week_1 /*把时间转化为星期模式*/ ,SUM(AMT) as money ,COUNT(DISTINCT salesID) as num_order /*一个会员一周可以下多单,所以要统计会员数,需要去重*/ ,COUNT(DISTINCT dimMemberID) num_member FROM dw.fct_sales where dimDateID between '20170703' and '20170709' and dimMemberID <>0 group by DATE_FORMAT(dimDateID,'%W') ; -- union all SELECT DATE_FORMAT(dimDateID,'%W') as week_1 /*把时间转化为星期模式*/ ,SUM(AMT) as money ,COUNT(DISTINCT salesID) as num_order /*一个会员一周可以下多单,所以要统计会员数,需要去重*/ ,COUNT(DISTINCT dimMemberID) num_member FROM dw.fct_sales where dimDateID between '20170703' and '20170709' and dimMemberID <>0 group by DATE_FORMAT(dimDateID,'%W') UNION ALL SELECT DATE_FORMAT(dimDateID,'%W') as week_1 /*把时间转化为星期模式*/ ,SUM(AMT) as money ,COUNT(DISTINCT salesID) as num_order /*一个会员一周可以下多单,所以要统计会员数,需要去重*/ ,COUNT(DISTINCT dimMemberID) num_member FROM dw.fct_sales where dimDateID between '20170703' and '20170709' and dimMemberID <>0 group by DATE_FORMAT(dimDateID,'%W') ;
多表合并中的排序问题 order by——把合并后的表作为一个临时表,再进行排序注意临时表需要命名
排序要对新的列名进行排序
SELECT sn.* FROM ( SELECT DATE_FORMAT(dimDateID,'%W') as week_1 /*把时间转化为星期模式*/ ,SUM(AMT) as money ,COUNT(DISTINCT salesID) as num_order /*一个会员一周可以下多单,所以要统计会员数,需要去重*/ ,COUNT(DISTINCT dimMemberID) num_member FROM dw.fct_sales where dimDateID between '20170703' and '20170709' and dimMemberID <>0 group by DATE_FORMAT(dimDateID,'%W') UNION SELECT DATE_FORMAT(dimDateID,'%W') as week_1 /*把时间转化为星期模式*/ ,SUM(AMT) as money ,COUNT(DISTINCT salesID) as num_order /*一个会员一周可以下多单,所以要统计会员数,需要去重*/ ,COUNT(DISTINCT dimMemberID) num_member FROM dw.fct_sales where dimDateID between '20170703' and '20170709' and dimMemberID <>0 group by DATE_FORMAT(dimDateID,'%W') ) as sn order by money desc; /*注意要对money排序,而不是SUM(AMT)*/ -- order by SUM(AMT) desc; /*会报错,需要用临时表的列名,并且要对临时表取列名,否则也会报错*/
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