在同一Linux下安装两个版本的MySQL的流程步骤

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /u01/mysql  #安装包解压到此路径下
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /u02/mysql/mysq57/data
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /u02/mysql/mysq57/logs
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /u02/mysql/mysq80/data
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /u02/mysql/mysq80/logs

[root@localhost mysql]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.41-el7-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@localhost mysql]# mv mysql-5.7.41-el7-x86_64.tar.gz mysql-5.7.41
[root@localhost mysql]# tar -zxvf mysql-8.0.33-el7-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@localhost mysql]# mv mysql-8.0.33-el7-x86_64.tar.gz mysql-5.0.33

[mysqld]
port=3357
user=mysql
basedir=/u01/mysql/mysql-5.7.41
datadir=/u02/mysg/mysgl57/data
socket=/tmp/mysql57.sock
log-error=/u02/mysql/mysql57/logs/mysql.err
pid-file=/u02/mysql/mysql57/mysql.pid
character_set_server=utf8mb4
lower_case_table_names=1
 
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/u02/mysql/mysql57/logs/mysql.err
pid-file=/u02/mysql/mysql57/mysql.pid
tmpdir=/tmp/mysql57

[mysqld]
port=3380
user=mysql
basedir=/u01/mysql/mysql-8.0.33
datadir=/u02/mysg/mysgl80/data
socket=/tmp/mysql80.sock
log-error=/u02/mysql/mysql80/logs/mysql.err
pid-file=/u02/mysql/mysql80/mysql.pid
character_set_server=utf8mb4
lower_case_table_names=1
 
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/u02/mysql/mysql80/logs/mysql.err
pid-file=/u02/mysql/mysql80/mysql.pid
tmpdir=/tmp/mysql80

[root@localhost ~]# cp /u01/mysql/mysql-5.7.33/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql57
[root@localhost ~]# cp /u01/mysql/mysql-8.0.33/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql80

[root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /u01/mysql
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /u02/mysql

[root@localhost ~]# cd /u01/mysql/mysql-5.7.41/bin
[root@localhost bin]# ./mysqld --defaults-file=/u01/mysql/mysql-5.7.41/my.cnf --basedir=/u01/mysql/mysql-5.7.41 --datadir=/u02/mysql/mysql57/data --user=mysql --initialize
[root@localhost bin]# service mysql57 start
Starting MySQL.....SUCCESS!

[root@localhost bin]# cat /u02/mysql/mysql57/logs/mysql.err | grep password
2023-07-19T08:23:56.987382Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: #Bdm6F?J!2

[root@localhost ~]# cd /u01/mysql/mysql-5.7.41/bin
[root@localhost bin]# ./mysql -uroot -p -S /tmp/mysql57.sock
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.41
 
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
 
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
 
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
 
mysql> set password = password('root.123');  #修改root密码
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
 
mysql> use mysql
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
 
Database changed
mysql> update user set host = '%' where user='root';  #开启root的远程访问权限
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0
 
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
 
mysql> exit
Bye
[root@localhost bin]# service mysql57 restart  #重启服务

[root@localhost ~]# cd /u01/mysql/mysql-8.0.33/bin
[root@localhost bin]# ./mysql -u root -p -S /tmp/mysql80.sock
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.33
 
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
 
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
 
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
 
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'root.123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)
 
mysql> use mysql
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
 
Database changed
mysql> update user set host= '%' where user='root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0
 
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
 
mysql> exit
Bye
[root@localhost bin]# service mysql80 restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
Starting MySQL...... SUCCESS!

[root@localhost ~]# ln -s /u01/mysql/mysql-8.0.33/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql

[root@localhost ~]# export PATH=$PATH:/u01/mysql/mysql-8.0.33/bin/

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p -S /tmp/mysql80.sock
## 或者
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p -S /tmp/mysql57.sock

[root@localhost ~]# vim .bashrc
### 添加
alias mysql80='mysql -S /tmp/mysql80.sock'
alias mysql57='mysql -S /tmp/mysql57.sock'
### Esc + wq! 保存退出
[root@localhost ~]# source .bashrc