JavaScript利用虚拟列表实现高性能渲染数据详解

<button id="button">button</button><br>
<ul id="container"></ul>  

document.getElementById('button').addEventListener('click',function(){
    // 记录任务开始时间
    let now = Date.now();
    // 插入一万条数据
    const total = 10000;
    // 获取容器
    let ul = document.getElementById('container');
    // 将数据插入容器中
    for (let i = 0; i < total; i++) {
        let li = document.createElement('li');
        li.innerText = ~~(Math.random() * total)
        ul.appendChild(li);
    }
    console.log('JS运行时间：',Date.now() - now);
    setTimeout(()=>{
      console.log('总运行时间：',Date.now() - now);
    },0)
    // print JS运行时间： 38
    // print 总运行时间： 957 
  })

<div class="infinite-list-container">
    <div class="infinite-list-phantom"></div>
    <div class="infinite-list">
      <!-- item-1 -->
      <!-- item-2 -->
      <!-- ...... -->
      <!-- item-n -->
    </div>
</div>

<template>
  <div ref="list" class="infinite-list-container" @scroll="scrollEvent($event)">
    <div class="infinite-list-phantom" :style="{ height: listHeight + 'px' }"></div>
    <div class="infinite-list" :style="{ transform: getTransform }">
      <div ref="items"
        class="infinite-list-item"
        v-for="item in visibleData"
        :key="item.id"
        :style="{ height: itemSize + 'px',lineHeight: itemSize + 'px' }"
      >{{ item.value }}</div>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>

export default {
  name:'VirtualList',
  props: {
    //所有列表数据
    listData:{
      type:Array,
      default:()=>[]
    },
    //每项高度
    itemSize: {
      type: Number,
      default:200
    }
  },
  computed:{
    //列表总高度
    listHeight(){
      return this.listData.length * this.itemSize;
    },
    //可显示的列表项数
    visibleCount(){
      return Math.ceil(this.screenHeight / this.itemSize)
    },
    //偏移量对应的style
    getTransform(){
      return `translate3d(0,${this.startOffset}px,0)`;
    },
    //获取真实显示列表数据
    visibleData(){
      return this.listData.slice(this.start, Math.min(this.end,this.listData.length));
    }
  },
  mounted() {
    this.screenHeight = this.$el.clientHeight;
    this.start = 0;
    this.end = this.start + this.visibleCount;
  },
  data() {
    return {
      //可视区域高度
      screenHeight:0,
      //偏移量
      startOffset:0,
      //起始索引
      start:0,
      //结束索引
      end:null,
    };
  },
  methods: {
    scrollEvent() {
      //当前滚动位置
      let scrollTop = this.$refs.list.scrollTop;
      //此时的开始索引
      this.start = Math.floor(scrollTop / this.itemSize);
      //此时的结束索引
      this.end = this.start + this.visibleCount;
      //此时的偏移量
      this.startOffset = scrollTop - (scrollTop % this.itemSize);
    }
  }
};

props: {
  //预估高度
  estimatedItemSize:{
    type:Number
  }
}

this.positions = [
  // {
  //   top:0,
  //   bottom:100,
  //   height:100
  // }
];

initPositions(){
  this.positions = this.listData.map((item,index)=>{
    return {
      index,
      height:this.estimatedItemSize,
      top:index * this.estimatedItemSize,
      bottom:(index + 1) * this.estimatedItemSize
    }
  })
}

//列表总高度
listHeight(){
  return this.positions[this.positions.length - 1].bottom;
}

updated(){
  let nodes = this.$refs.items;
  nodes.forEach((node)=>{
    let rect = node.getBoundingClientRect();
    let height = rect.height;
    let index = +node.id.slice(1)
    let oldHeight = this.positions[index].height;
    let dValue = oldHeight - height;
    //存在差值
    if(dValue){
      this.positions[index].bottom = this.positions[index].bottom - dValue;
      this.positions[index].height = height;
      for(let k = index + 1;k<this.positions.length; k++){
        this.positions[k].top = this.positions[k-1].bottom;
        this.positions[k].bottom = this.positions[k].bottom - dValue;
      }
    }
  })
}

//获取列表起始索引
getStartIndex(scrollTop = 0){
  let item = this.positions.find(i => i && i.bottom > scrollTop);
  return item.index;
}

//获取列表起始索引
getStartIndex(scrollTop = 0){
  //二分法查找
  return this.binarySearch(this.positions,scrollTop)
},
//二分法查找
binarySearch(list,value){
  let start = 0;
  let end = list.length - 1;
  let tempIndex = null;
  while(start <= end){
    let midIndex = parseInt((start + end)/2);
    let midValue = list[midIndex].bottom;
    if(midValue === value){
      return midIndex + 1;
    }else if(midValue < value){
      start = midIndex + 1;
    }else if(midValue > value){
      if(tempIndex === null || tempIndex > midIndex){
        tempIndex = midIndex;
      }
      end = end - 1;
    }
  }
  return tempIndex;
},

scrollEvent() {
  //...省略
  if(this.start >= 1){
    this.startOffset = this.positions[this.start - 1].bottom
  }else{
    this.startOffset = 0;
  }
}

let data = [];
for (let id = 0; id < 10000; id++) {
  data.push({
    id,
    value: faker.lorem.sentences() // 长文本
  })
}

props: {
  //缓冲区比例
  bufferScale:{
    type:Number,
    default:1
  }
}

aboveCount(){
  return Math.min(this.start,this.bufferScale * this.visibleCount)
}

belowCount(){
  return Math.min(this.listData.length - this.end,this.bufferScale * this.visibleCount);
}

visibleData(){
  let start = this.start - this.aboveCount;
  let end = this.end + this.belowCount;
  return this._listData.slice(start, end);
}