基于Vue3实现鼠标滑动和滚轮控制的轮播
需求
实现一个轮播组件,这个组件应该有以下的特性:
- 用户可以通过鼠标点击来切换轮播图。
- 用户可以通过鼠标滑动来切换轮播图。
- 用户可以通过鼠标滚轮来切换轮播图。
- 一开始自动切换,用户操作时停止自动切换,用户停止操作一段时间后,继续自动切换。
效果图
分析与设计
数组结构:
interface ListType { title: string icon: string img: string desc: string[] } const list: ListType = []
轮播中有一个唯一的active项,设置其下标为activeIndex
<ul class="swipper-wrapper"> <li class="swipper-item" v-for="(item, index) in list" :class="{ active: index === activeIndex }" @click="activeIndex = index" > <img class="swipper-item-icon" :src="item.icon" alt=""> {{ item.title }} </li> </ul>
const activeIndex = ref(0)
轮播最多可以同时展示7项,设置常量NUM默认值为7,理论上来说可以通过activeIndex获取展示的这7项的下标(即取距离activeIndex最近的7项, 因为需要距离最近,所以暂定这里NUM为奇数):
const NUM = 7 // 展示的卡片数量(奇数) function getSurroundingNumbers(length: number, activeIndex: number) { var start = activeIndex - (NUM - 1) / 2; var end = activeIndex + (NUM + 1) / 2; if (activeIndex < (NUM - 1) / 2) { start = 0; end = NUM; } if (activeIndex > length - (NUM + 1) / 2) { start = length - NUM; end = length; } var result = []; for (var i = start; i < end; i++) { result.push(i); } return result; } const surroundingNumbers = computed(() => getSurroundingNumbers(list.length, activeIndex.value))
比较每一项的下标和surroundingNumbers
,知道他在数组的前面还是后面还是里面,从而设置相应的样式:
function getSwiperItemStyle(index: number) { // 每个卡片高度60px 间隔16px // 最多正常展示NUM个,其余藏在后,只露出16px高度 const HIDEH = 15, H = 60, M = 16; let y = 0, scaleX = 1, backgroundColor = '#f9fbfc', zIndex = 9999, boxShadow = '2px 2px 1px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.04), #fff 0px -2px 0px 0px'; if (!surroundingNumbers.value.includes(index)) { backgroundColor = '#EBEDF2' zIndex = zIndex - Math.abs(activeIndex.value - index) + 2 scaleX = 0.98 ** (Math.abs(activeIndex.value - index) + 2) if (index < surroundingNumbers.value[0]) { // 在上面 y = HIDEH * index scaleX = 0.98 ** (surroundingNumbers.value[0] - index) boxShadow = '2px 2px 1px 0px rgba(255, 255, 255, .3) inset'; } else { // 在下面 y = surroundingNumbers.value[0] * HIDEH + (NUM - 1) * (H + M) + (index - surroundingNumbers.value.at(-1)!) * HIDEH scaleX = 0.98 ** (index - surroundingNumbers.value.at(-1)!) boxShadow = '2px 2px 1px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.04)'; } } else { y = surroundingNumbers.value[0] * HIDEH + (index - surroundingNumbers.value[0]) * (H + M) } if (activeIndex.value === index) { boxShadow = '5px 6px 12px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.08), #fff 0px -2px 0px 0px'; } return { transform: 'translateY(' + y / 19.2 + 'vw) scaleX(' + scaleX + ')', backgroundColor, zIndex, boxShadow } }
<ul class="swipper-wrapper"> <li class="swipper-item" v-for="(item, index) in list" :class="{ active: index === activeIndex }" :style="getSwiperItemStyle(index)" @click="activeIndex = index" > <img class="swipper-item-icon" :src="item.icon" alt=""> {{ item.title }} </li> </ul>
交互实现
鼠标滚轮切换
绑定滚动事件@wheel="wheel"
// 处理鼠标滚动 function wheel(event: WheelEvent) { event.preventDefault(); // 防止页面滚动 if (event.deltaY < 0) { // 向下滚动,activeIndex减少 activeIndex.value = Math.max(0, activeIndex.value - 1); } else { // 向上滚动,activeIndex增加 activeIndex.value = Math.min(list.length - 1, activeIndex.value + 1); } }
鼠标滑动切换
绑定鼠标事件@mousedown="startSwipe" @mousemove="swipe" @mouseup="endSwipe" @mouseleave="endSwipe"
// 处理滑动 let startY = 0; // 鼠标按下时的y坐标 let accumulatedDiffY = 0; // 累积的滑动距离 let swiping = false; // 是否正在滑动 function startSwipe(event: MouseEvent) { startY = event.clientY; swiping = true; } function swipe(event: MouseEvent) { if (!swiping) return; const currentY = event.clientY; const diffY = currentY - startY; // 累积滑动距离 accumulatedDiffY += diffY; // 假设每个元素的高度是100px const elementHeight = 84; // 使用累积的滑动距离计算滑动的元素数量,向下取整 const numItems = Math.floor(Math.abs(accumulatedDiffY) / elementHeight); if (accumulatedDiffY > 0) { // 向下滑动,activeIndex减少 if (activeIndex.value <= 2) return activeIndex.value = Math.min(list.length - 3, activeIndex.value) activeIndex.value = Math.max(0, activeIndex.value - numItems); accumulatedDiffY -= numItems * elementHeight; // 更新累积的滑动距离 } else { // 向上滑动,activeIndex增加 if (activeIndex.value >= list.length - 3) return activeIndex.value = Math.max(2, activeIndex.value) activeIndex.value = Math.min(list.length - 1, activeIndex.value + numItems); accumulatedDiffY += numItems * elementHeight; // 更新累积的滑动距离 } // 更新起始Y坐标 startY = currentY; } function endSwipe(event: MouseEvent) { swiping = false; accumulatedDiffY = 0; // 结束滑动时重置累积的滑动距离 }
自动切换
// 自动切换定时器 const { pause, resume } = useIntervalFn(() => { activeIndex.value++ if (activeIndex.value >= list.length - 1) { activeIndex.value = 0 } }, 3000) // 重新自动切换的倒计时 const { start: startTimeoutFn, stop: stopTimeoutFn } = useTimeoutFn(resume, 5000)
在每个用户操作的方法里先暂停自动切换pause()
并停止继续切换的倒计时stopTimeoutFn
,结束操作时再开启继续切换的倒计时startTimeoutFn
。
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