C#如何读写应用程序配置文件App.exe.config,并在界面上显示
C#读写应用程序配置文件App.exe.config,本质是xml文件的读写。
我们将配置文件的AppSettings节点和ConnectionStrings节点内容自动绑定到分组框控件GroupBox中,同时可以批量保存。
一、新建Windows窗体应用程序SaveDefaultXmlConfigDemo
将默认的Form1重命名为FormSaveDefaultXmlConfig。
窗体 FormSaveDefaultXmlConfig设计如图:
添加对System.Configuration的引用。
为窗体FormSaveDefaultXmlConfig绑定Load事件FormSaveDefaultXmlConfig_Load
为按钮btnSaveConfig绑定事件btnSaveConfig_Click。
二、默认的应用程序配置文件App.config配置如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <configuration> <startup> <supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.6.1" /> </startup> <appSettings> <add key="SoftName" value="Sword7" /> <add key="Supplier" value="SoftStar" /> <add key="EnabledTcp" value="1" /> </appSettings> <connectionStrings> <add name="DataConnect" providerName="MySql.Data" connectionString="server=127.0.0.1;Database=test;Uid=root;Pwd=root;" /> <add name="ExternalConnect" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient" connectionString="server=127.0.0.1;Database=external;Uid=root;Pwd=123456;" /> </connectionStrings> </configuration>
三、窗体FormSaveDefaultXmlConfig源程序如下
(忽略设计器自动生成的代码)
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Configuration; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace SaveDefaultXmlConfigDemo { public partial class FormSaveDefaultXmlConfig : Form { public FormSaveDefaultXmlConfig() { InitializeComponent(); //添加引用System.Configuration } private void btnSaveConfig_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { try { Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None); List<Tuple<string, string>> tupleAppSettings = GetAppSettingList(); for (int i = 0; i < tupleAppSettings.Count; i++) { //修改配置节点AppSettings的内容 config.AppSettings.Settings[tupleAppSettings[i].Item1].Value = tupleAppSettings[i].Item2; } List<Tuple<string, string, string>> tupleConnectionStrings = GetConnectionStringList(); for (int i = 0; i < tupleConnectionStrings.Count; i++) { //修改配置节点ConnectionStrings的内容 config.ConnectionStrings.ConnectionStrings[tupleConnectionStrings[i].Item1].ProviderName = tupleConnectionStrings[i].Item2; config.ConnectionStrings.ConnectionStrings[tupleConnectionStrings[i].Item1].ConnectionString = tupleConnectionStrings[i].Item3; } //保存配置文件 config.Save(); MessageBox.Show($"保存应用程序配置文件成功,开始重新加载应用程序配置.", "提示"); //刷新配置 FormSaveDefaultXmlConfig_Load(null, e); } catch (Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show($"保存应用程序配置文件出错:{ex.Message}", "出错"); } } /// <summary> /// 获取配置节点AppSettings的所有内容,将其添加到元组列表中 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> private List<Tuple<string, string>> GetAppSettingList() { List<Tuple<string, string>> tupleAppSettings = new List<Tuple<string, string>>(); for (int i = 0; i < groupBox1.Controls.Count; i++) { if (groupBox1.Controls[i] is Label lbl) { Control[] controls = groupBox1.Controls.Find($"txtValue{lbl.Tag}", true); if (controls == null || controls.Length == 0) { throw new Exception($"没有找到【{lbl.Text}】对应的文本框控件【txtValue{lbl.Tag}】"); } tupleAppSettings.Add(Tuple.Create(lbl.Text, controls[0].Text)); } } return tupleAppSettings; } /// <summary> /// 获取配置节点onnectionStrings的所有内容,将其添加到元组列表中 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> private List<Tuple<string, string, string>> GetConnectionStringList() { List<Tuple<string, string, string>> tupleConnectionStrings = new List<Tuple<string, string, string>>(); for (int i = 0; i < groupBox2.Controls.Count; i++) { if (groupBox2.Controls[i] is Label lbl && lbl.Name.StartsWith("lblName")) { Control[] controlProviderNames = groupBox2.Controls.Find($"txtProviderName{lbl.Tag}", true); if (controlProviderNames == null || controlProviderNames.Length == 0) { throw new Exception($"没有找到【{lbl.Text}】对应的文本框控件【txtProviderName{lbl.Tag}】"); } Control[] controlConnectionStrings = groupBox2.Controls.Find($"txtConnectionString{lbl.Tag}", true); if (controlConnectionStrings == null || controlConnectionStrings.Length == 0) { throw new Exception($"没有找到【{lbl.Text}】对应的文本框控件【txtConnectionString{lbl.Tag}】"); } tupleConnectionStrings.Add(Tuple.Create(lbl.Text, controlProviderNames[0].Text, controlConnectionStrings[0].Text)); } } return tupleConnectionStrings; } private void FormSaveDefaultXmlConfig_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { try { Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None); txtFilePath.Text = config.FilePath; //读取配置AppSetting节点, KeyValueConfigurationCollection keyValueCollection = config.AppSettings.Settings; AddAppSettingConfig(keyValueCollection); //读取连接字符串ConnectionStrings节点 ConnectionStringSettingsCollection connectionCollection = config.ConnectionStrings.ConnectionStrings; AddConnectionStringConfig(connectionCollection); } catch (Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show($"加载应用程序配置文件出错:{ex.Message}", "出错"); } } /// <summary> /// 读取所有的AppSetting节点,将其绑定到groupBox1中 /// 只考虑在配置文件中【IsPresent为true】的节点 /// </summary> /// <param name="keyValueCollection"></param> private void AddAppSettingConfig(KeyValueConfigurationCollection keyValueCollection) { groupBox1.Controls.Clear(); int index = 0; foreach (KeyValueConfigurationElement keyValueElement in keyValueCollection) { ElementInformation elemInfo = keyValueElement.ElementInformation; if (!elemInfo.IsPresent) { //考虑到部分配置不是在App.exe.config配置文件中,此时不做处理 continue; } Label label = new Label(); label.AutoSize = true; label.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(20, 20 + index * 30); label.Name = $"lblKey{index + 1}"; label.Text = keyValueElement.Key; label.Tag = index + 1; TextBox textBox = new TextBox(); textBox.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(120, 20 + index * 30); textBox.Name = $"txtValue{index + 1}"; textBox.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(300, 21); textBox.Text = keyValueElement.Value; groupBox1.Controls.AddRange(new Control[] { label, textBox }); index++; } } /// <summary> /// 读取所有的ConnectionString节点,将其绑定到groupBox2中 /// 只考虑在配置文件中【IsPresent为true】的节点 /// </summary> /// <param name="connectionCollection"></param> private void AddConnectionStringConfig(ConnectionStringSettingsCollection connectionCollection) { groupBox2.Controls.Clear(); int index = 0; foreach (ConnectionStringSettings connectElement in connectionCollection) { ElementInformation elemInfo = connectElement.ElementInformation; if (!elemInfo.IsPresent) { //考虑到连接字符串有系统默认配置,不在配置文件中【IsPresent=false】,因此过滤掉,如下面两个 //LocalSqlServer、LocalMySqlServer continue; } Label label = new Label(); label.AutoSize = true; label.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(20, 20 + index * 30); label.Name = $"lblName{index + 1}"; label.Text = connectElement.Name; label.Tag = index + 1; TextBox textBox = new TextBox(); textBox.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(120, 20 + index * 30); textBox.Name = $"txtConnectionString{index + 1}"; textBox.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(360, 21); textBox.Text = connectElement.ConnectionString; Label lblFixed = new Label(); lblFixed.AutoSize = true; lblFixed.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(500, 20 + index * 30); lblFixed.Name = $"lblFixed{index + 1}"; lblFixed.Text = "提供程序名称"; TextBox txtProviderName = new TextBox(); txtProviderName.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(580, 20 + index * 30); txtProviderName.Name = $"txtProviderName{index + 1}"; txtProviderName.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(140, 21); txtProviderName.Text = connectElement.ProviderName; groupBox2.Controls.AddRange(new Control[] { label, textBox, lblFixed, txtProviderName }); index++; } } } }
四、程序运行如图
修改保存配置后,打开SaveDefaultXmlConfigDemo.exe.Config文件
总结
以上为个人经验,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。
最新评论