C# wpf实现任意控件更多拖动功能
前言
上一章我们已经实现了任意控件统一的拖动功能,以及能够方便的给任意控件添加拖动了。开发过程中发现还是有些功能可以继续拓展的,比如cs代码中移动控件、响应事件后触发拖动、限制拖动范围等功能。
一、添加的功能
在第五章基础上添加了如下功能。
1、任意控件MoveTo
这个功能相对简单,对不同类型的容器进行判断区分不同的移动逻辑即可。
代码示例如下:
/// <summary> /// 任意控件移动到指定坐标点 /// </summary> /// <param name="elememt">this</param> /// <param name="parentPoint">父容器的坐标点,之所以采样容器的坐标是因为,采样自身坐标控件位置改变后就会无效,采样屏幕坐标则需要自己换算dpi(PointToScreen不会做dpi换算)</param> public static void MoveTo(this FrameworkElement elememt, Point parentPoint) { var parent = VisualTreeHelper.GetParent(elememt); if (parent is Canvas) { //Canvas移动逻辑 } else if (elememt is Window) { //Window移动逻辑 } else { //Grid或Transform移动逻辑,两种都能适用任意控件 } }
在拓展一个获取位置的方法,方便MoveTo使用
/// <summary> /// 获取控件坐标,基于父控件。Window则是桌面位置。 /// </summary> /// <param name="elememt"></param> public static Point GetPosition(this FrameworkElement elememt) { var parent = VisualTreeHelper.GetParent(elememt); if (elememt is Window) { var window = elememt as Window; return new Point(window!.Left, window.Top); } return elememt.TranslatePoint(new Point(0, 0), parent as UIElement); }
2、任意控件DragMove
我们知道wpf的Window有DragMove功能,在鼠标左键按下事件中调用此方法就能实现拖动功能很方便。任意控件的DragMove也是可以实现的,我们需要使用第五章的DragMoveable对象结合手动触发事件来实现。
代码示例如下:
/// <summary> /// 点击拖动 /// 与Window的DragMove类似,必须鼠标左键按下调用此方法。 /// await 可以等待拖动结束 /// </summary> /// <param name="elememt">this</param> /// <returns></returns> /// <exception cref="InvalidOperationException"></exception> public static Task DragMove(this FrameworkElement elememt) { if (Mouse.LeftButton != MouseButtonState.Pressed) { throw new InvalidOperationException("Left button down to call this method"); } var tcs = new TaskCompletionSource(); //初始化DragMoveable对象 //手动触发elememt的鼠标左键按下事件 //拖动完成后tcs.SetResult(); return tcs.Task; }
3、边界限制
添加一个IsMoveInBounds附加属性,表示拖动范围是否在父控件内。
代码示例如下:
public static bool GetIsMoveInBounds(DependencyObject obj) { return (bool)obj.GetValue(IsMoveInBoundsProperty); } public static void SetIsMoveInBounds(DependencyObject obj, bool value) { obj.SetValue(IsMoveInBoundsProperty, value); } /// <summary> /// 是否在父容器区域内拖动,不会超出边界 /// </summary> // Using a DependencyProperty as the backing store for IsMoveInBounds. This enables animation, styling, binding, etc... public static readonly DependencyProperty IsMoveInBoundsProperty = DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("IsMoveInBounds", typeof(bool), typeof(Move), new PropertyMetadata(true));
在第五章 附加属性实现任意拖动的拖动逻辑中添加相应的限制功能,比如Canvas的示例如下:
var p = _parent as Canvas; if (GetIsMoveInBounds(c)) //修正移动范围 { if (left < 0) left = 0; if (top < 0) top = 0; if (left + c.ActualWidth > p.ActualWidth) left = p.ActualWidth - c.ActualWidth; if (top + c.ActualHeight > p.ActualHeight) top = p.ActualHeight - c.ActualHeight; }
4、窗口最大化拖动还原
Windows系统的窗口最大化拖动标题时会自动恢复为普通状态的窗口,实现无边框窗口后则失去了这个功能,需要自己实现,而且恢复普通状态的窗口的位置还有一定的逻辑。
代码示例如下:
if (window.WindowState == WindowState.Maximized) //最大化时拖动逻辑 { //恢复为普通窗口 window.WindowState = WindowState.Normal; double width = SystemParameters.PrimaryScreenWidth;//得到屏幕整体宽度 double height = SystemParameters.PrimaryScreenHeight;//得到屏幕整体高度 //根据鼠标的位置调整窗口位置,基本逻辑是横向为鼠标为中点,纵向为鼠标顶部,超出屏幕范围则修正到靠近的那一边。 }
5、拖动事件
提供3个拖动事件,拖动结束、拖动变化、拖动结束。
代码示例如下:
/// <summary> /// 拖动开始事件 /// </summary> public static readonly RoutedEvent DragMoveStartedEvent = EventManager.RegisterRoutedEvent("DragMoveStarted", RoutingStrategy.Direct, typeof(EventHandler<DragMoveStartedEventArgs>), typeof(Move)); /// <summary> /// 拖动变化事件 /// </summary> public static readonly RoutedEvent DragMoveDeltaEvent = EventManager.RegisterRoutedEvent("DragMoveDelta", RoutingStrategy.Direct, typeof(EventHandler<DragMoveDeltaEventArgs>), typeof(Move)); /// <summary> /// 拖动结束事件 /// </summary> public static readonly RoutedEvent DragMoveCompletedEvent = EventManager.RegisterRoutedEvent("DragMoveCompleted", RoutingStrategy.Direct, typeof(EventHandler<DragMoveCompletedEventArgs>), typeof(Move));
二、使用示例
由于本章是第五章的拓展,基本功能可以参考第五章。
1、MoveTo
xaml
<Window x:Class="WpfMove.MainWindow" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WpfMove" mc:Ignorable="d" Title="MainWindow" Height="450" Width="800" > <Grid> <Button Width="180" Height="30" Click="Button_Click">Gird中点击按钮右移10</Button> <StackPanel> <Button Width="180" Height="30" Click="Button_Click">StackPanel中点击按钮右移10</Button> </StackPanel> <Canvas> <Button Width="180" Height="30" Click="Button_Click">Canvas中点击按钮右移10</Button> </Canvas> </Grid> </Window>
因为是拓展方法,所以获取到控件对象直接调用moveTo即可。
cs
using AC; using System.Windows; using System.Windows.Media; namespace WpfMove { /// <summary> /// Interaction logic for MainWindow.xaml /// </summary> public partial class MainWindow : Window { public MainWindow() { InitializeComponent(); } private void Button_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { var fe = sender as FrameworkElement; //获取控件的位置 var p = fe.GetPosition(); //右偏移10 p.Offset(10, 0); fe.MoveTo(p); } } }
效果预览
2、DragMove
xaml
<Window x:Class="WpfMove.MainWindow" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WpfMove" mc:Ignorable="d" Title="MainWindow" Height="450" Width="800" > <Grid> <TextBlock Background="Aqua" TextAlignment="Center" Margin="0,80,0,0" Width="180" Height="30" MouseDown="TextBlock_MouseDown" >Gird中点击拖动</TextBlock> <StackPanel> <TextBlock Background="Aqua" TextAlignment="Center" Margin="0,80,0,0" Width="180" Height="30" MouseDown="TextBlock_MouseDown" >StackPanel中点击拖动</TextBlock> </StackPanel> <Canvas > <TextBlock Background="Aqua" TextAlignment="Center" Margin="0,80,0,0" Width="180" Height="30" MouseDown="TextBlock_MouseDown" >Canvas中点击拖动</TextBlock> </Canvas> </Grid> </Window>
此方法也是拓展方法,在鼠标按下事件中任意控件都可以调用此方法,可以通过await等待拖动完成。
cs
using AC; using System; using System.Windows; namespace WpfMove { /// <summary> /// Interaction logic for MainWindow.xaml /// </summary> public partial class MainWindow : Window { public MainWindow() { InitializeComponent(); } private async void TextBlock_MouseDown(object sender, System.Windows.Input.MouseButtonEventArgs e) { var fe = sender as FrameworkElement; await fe.DragMove(); Console.WriteLine("拖动完成"); } } }
效果预览
3、边界限制
通过附加属性IsMoveInBounds设置是否限制边界,默认为false。
xaml
<Window x:Class="WpfMove.MainWindow" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WpfMove" xmlns:ac="clr-namespace:AC" mc:Ignorable="d" Title="MainWindow" Height="450" Width="800" > <Grid> <TextBlock HorizontalAlignment="Left" Background="Aqua" TextAlignment="Center" Margin="0,80,0,0" Width="180" Height="60" ac:Move.IsDragMoveable="True" ac:Move.IsMoveInBounds="True">拖动限制边界</TextBlock> <TextBlock HorizontalAlignment="Right" Background="Aqua" TextAlignment="Center" Margin="0,80,0,0" Width="180" Height="60" ac:Move.IsDragMoveable="True" ac:Move.IsMoveInBounds="False">拖动不限制边界</TextBlock> </Grid> </Window>
效果预览
4、窗口最大化拖动还原
内部实现已支持最大化拖动还原,只需要设置窗口可拖动即可,使用场景是无边框窗口自定义标题栏。
xaml
<Window x:Class="WpfMove.MainWindow" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WpfMove" xmlns:ac="clr-namespace:AC" mc:Ignorable="d" WindowStyle="None" ResizeMode="NoResize" WindowState="Normal" Title="MainWindow" Height="450" Width="800" x:Name="window" > <Grid> <Border VerticalAlignment="Top" Height="40" Background="#333333" ac:Move.DragMoveTarget="{Binding ElementName= window}" MouseLeftButtonDown="Border_MouseLeftButtonDown"> <TextBlock Margin="0,0,10,0" VerticalAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Right" Foreground="White" Text="标题栏拖动窗口"></TextBlock> </Border> </Grid> </Window>
cs
using System.Windows; namespace WpfMove { /// <summary> /// Interaction logic for MainWindow.xaml /// </summary> public partial class MainWindow : Window { public MainWindow() { InitializeComponent(); } private void Border_MouseLeftButtonDown(object sender, System.Windows.Input.MouseButtonEventArgs e) { if (e.ClickCount == 2) WindowState = WindowState != WindowState.Maximized ? WindowState = WindowState.Maximized : WindowState = WindowState.Normal; } } }
效果预览
5、拖动事件
xaml
<Window x:Class="WpfMove.MainWindow" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WpfMove" xmlns:ac="clr-namespace:AC" mc:Ignorable="d" Title="MainWindow" Height="450" Width="800" > <StackPanel> <TextBlock Background="Aqua" TextAlignment="Center" Margin="0,80,0,0" Width="180" Height="30" ac:Move.IsDragMoveable="True" ac:Move.DragMoveStarted="window_DragMoveStarted" ac:Move.DragMoveCompleted="window_DragMoveCompleted" ac:Move.DragMoveDelta="window_DragMoveDelta">StackPanel中点击拖动</TextBlock> </StackPanel> </Window>
cs
using AC; using System; using System.Windows; namespace WpfMove { /// <summary> /// Interaction logic for MainWindow.xaml /// </summary> public partial class MainWindow : Window { public MainWindow() { InitializeComponent(); } private void window_DragMoveStarted(object sender, DragMoveStartedEventArgs e) { Console.WriteLine("拖动开始"); } private void window_DragMoveCompleted(object sender, DragMoveCompletedEventArgs e) { Console.WriteLine("拖动完成"); } private void window_DragMoveDelta(object sender, DragMoveDeltaEventArgs e) { Console.WriteLine("横向偏移:"+e.HorizontalOffset + "," +"纵向偏移:"+ e.VerticalOffset); } } }
效果预览
总结
拓展更多的拖动功能后使用变得更加方便了,灵活度也提高了。使用xmal或cs代码都能实现拖动,实现自定义标题栏也变得很简单,有了拖动事件也可以做一些撤销重做的功能。总的来说,本文的拖动功能一定程度可以作为通用的模块在项目中使用了。
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