Spring Boot中的JdbcClient与JdbcTemplate使用对比分析
引言
以下内容使用的Java和Spring Boot版本为:
- Java 21
- Spring Boot 3.2.1
假设我们有一个ICustomerService
接口:
public interface ICustomerService { List<Customer> getAllCustomer(); Optional<Customer> getCustomerById(int id); void insert(Customer customer); void update(int id, Customer customer); void delete(int id); }
其中,涵盖了我们常见的数据CRUD操作。
下面就来一起看看,分别使用 JDBC Client
和 JDBC Template
的实现。
初始化对比
JdbcTemplate
的初始化:
private final JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate; public CustomerJdbcTemplateService(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate){ this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate; }
JdbcClient
的初始化;
private final JdbcClient jdbcClient; public CustomerJdbcClientService(JdbcClient jdbcClient){ this.jdbcClient = jdbcClient; }
增删改查的实现对比
查询的实现对比
getAllCustomer
查询返回集合数据的实现对比:
// jdbcTemplate实现 private final RowMapper<Customer> rowMapper = (rs, row) -> new Customer(rs.getInt("id"), rs.getString("name"), rs.getString("lastname"), rs.getDate("birthday")); public List<Customer> getAllCustomer() { return jdbcTemplate.query("select id, name, lastname, birthday from customer", rowMapper); } // jdbcClient实现 public List<Customer> getAllCustomer(){ return jdbcClient.sql("select id, name, lastname, birthday from customer").query(Customer.class).list(); }
getCustomerById
查询返回单条数据的实现对比:
// jdbcTemplate实现 public Optional<Customer> getCustomerById(int id) { Customer customer = null; try { customer = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("select id, name, lastname, birthday from customer where id = ?", rowMapper, id ); } catch (DataAccessException ex){ LOG.error("Data not found. Id parameter: " + id, ex); } return Optional.ofNullable(customer); } // jdbcClient实现 public Optional<Customer> getCustomerById(int id){ return jdbcClient.sql("select id, name, lastname, birthday from customer where id= :id") .param("id", id) .query(Customer.class) .optional(); }
insert插入数据的实现对比
// jdbcTemplate实现 public void insert(Customer customer) { int inserted = jdbcTemplate.update("insert into customer (id, name, lastname, birthday) values (?,?,?,?)", customer.id(), customer.name(), customer.lastname(),customer.birthday()); Assert.state(inserted == 1 , "An exception error occurred while inserting customer"); } // jdbcClient实现 public void insert(Customer customer){ int inserted = jdbcClient.sql("insert into customer (id, name, lastname, birthday) values (?,?,?,?)") .params(List.of(customer.id(), customer.name(), customer.lastname(), customer.birthday())) .update(); Assert.state(inserted == 1 , "An exception error occurred while inserting customer"); }
update更新数据的实现对比
// jdbcTemplate实现 public void update(int id, Customer customer) { int updated = jdbcTemplate.update("update customer set name = ?, lastname = ?, birthday = ? where id = ? ", customer.name(), customer.lastname(),customer.birthday(), id); Assert.state(updated == 1 , "An exception error occurred while updating customer"); } // jdbcClient实现 public void update(int id, Customer customer){ int updated = jdbcClient.sql("update customer set name = ?, lastname = ?, birthday = ? where id = ?") .params(List.of(customer.name(), customer.lastname(), customer.birthday(), id)) .update(); Assert.state(updated == 1, "An exception error occurred while updating customer"); }
delete删除数据的实现对比
// jdbcTemplate实现 public void delete(int id) { int deleted = jdbcTemplate.update("delete from customer where id = ?", id); Assert.state(deleted == 1 , "An exception error occurred while deleting customer"); } // jdbcClient实现 public void delete(int id) { int deleted = jdbcClient.sql("delete from customer where id = :id").param("id",id).update(); Assert.state(deleted == 1, "An exception error occurred while updating customer"); }
总结
上面我们分别演示了JdbcClient
和 JdbcTemplate
从初始化到真正执行增删改查操作的代码样例。总体上来说,JdbcClient
的实现更为简洁方便。如果不考虑其他ORM框架的情况下,在未来的Spring Boot版本中,我会更偏向于选择JdbcClient
来操作数据库。
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