C# wpf 实现窗口任意区域点击拖动
前言
点击窗口任意区域可移动功能,在一些业务场景中会使用到,比如工具条或者球形状的窗口等。在wpf要实现此功能简单形式还是比较容易的,但是有一些细节需要专门处理,比如与按钮的点击事件冲突问题,解决事件冲突问题后拖动的灵敏度,可复用性等。
一、简单拖动
基础的拖动功能直接使用Window类的DragMove即可实现:
在Window的PreviewMouseLeftButtonDown中调用DragMove即可。
示例如下:
<Window PreviewMouseLeftButtonDown="Window_PreviewMouseLeftButtonDown" />
void Window_PreviewMouseLeftButtonDown(object sender, System.Windows.Input.MouseButtonEventArgs e) { DragMove(); }
注:本文实现的是窗口任意区域拖动(比如按钮占满整个窗口),不适用于一般窗口拖动,一般窗口拖动请使用MouseLeftButtonDown事件
二、事件冲突问题
根据上述方法实现窗口拖动后发现出现了事件冲突,即窗口内的控件无法相应鼠标点击事件了。因为DragMove的内部实现使用了SC_MOVE,使标题栏(win32窗口)捕获鼠标,原本窗口失去鼠标捕获。窗口内的控件无法响应鼠标消息,因此上述简单拖动在有控件的窗口中是不可行的(局部拖动是可行的,但本文讲的是任意区域拖动)。
三、解决方法
解决方法是不在鼠标按下事件中触发拖动,而是在鼠标移动后触发拖动操作。具体步骤如下:
1、注册3个事件如下:
<Window PreviewMouseLeftButtonDown="Window_PreviewMouseLeftButtonDown" PreviewMouseMove="Window_PreviewMouseMove" PreviewMouseLeftButtonUp="Window_PreviewMouseLeftButtonUp"/>
2、定义2个变量记录信息。
Point _pressedPosition ; bool _isDragMoved = false;
3.记录鼠标按下位置
void Window_PreviewMouseLeftButtonDown(object sender, System.Windows.Input.MouseButtonEventArgs e) { _pressedPosition = e.GetPosition(this); }
4.鼠标移动触发拖动
void Window_PreviewMouseMove(object sender, System.Windows.Input.MouseEventArgs e) { if (Mouse.LeftButton==MouseButtonState.Pressed && _pressedPosition != e.GetPosition(this)) { _isDragMoved = true; DragMove(); } }
5.鼠标弹起屏蔽消息
void Window_PreviewMouseLeftButtonUp(object sender, MouseButtonEventArgs e) { if (_isDragMoved) { _isDragMoved = false; e.Handled = true; } }
四、效果预览
五、使用示例
由于评论区反馈上述方法存在bug,但是无奈笔者始终没有重现,怀疑是使用方法不正确,或者对本博文讲述功能理解上的差异导致的,在此根据上述方法初版原封不动的编写如下使用示例,以说明使用场景以及使用方法。
1、白板的工具条
(1)、MainWindow.xaml
<Window x:Class="WpfApp3.MainWindow" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WpfApp3" mc:Ignorable="d" Background="Transparent" AllowsTransparency="True" WindowStyle="None" Title="MainWindow" Height="60" Width="410" PreviewMouseLeftButtonDown="Window_PreviewMouseLeftButtonDown" PreviewMouseMove="Window_PreviewMouseMove" PreviewMouseLeftButtonUp="Window_PreviewMouseLeftButtonUp"> <Border Background="White" CornerRadius="25" Margin="5"> <Border.Effect> <DropShadowEffect ShadowDepth="0" BlurRadius="5" Opacity="0.8" Color="#AAAAAA"/> </Border.Effect> <StackPanel Margin="20,0,0,0" Orientation="Horizontal"> <RadioButton Content="画笔" Width="50" Height="50" Cursor="Hand"> <RadioButton.Template> <ControlTemplate TargetType="RadioButton" > <Border Background="Transparent"> <TextBlock x:Name="txt" Background="Transparent" TextAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Foreground="#666666" FontSize="18" Text="{TemplateBinding Content}"></TextBlock> </Border> <ControlTemplate.Triggers> <Trigger Property="IsChecked" Value="true"> <Setter TargetName="txt" Property="Foreground" Value="red"></Setter> </Trigger> </ControlTemplate.Triggers> </ControlTemplate> </RadioButton.Template> </RadioButton> <RadioButton Content="矩形" Width="50" Height="50" Cursor="Hand"> <RadioButton.Template> <ControlTemplate TargetType="RadioButton" > <Border Background="Transparent"> <TextBlock x:Name="txt" Background="Transparent" TextAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Foreground="#666666" FontSize="18" Text="{TemplateBinding Content}"></TextBlock> </Border> <ControlTemplate.Triggers> <Trigger Property="IsChecked" Value="true"> <Setter TargetName="txt" Property="Foreground" Value="red"></Setter> </Trigger> </ControlTemplate.Triggers> </ControlTemplate> </RadioButton.Template> </RadioButton> <RadioButton Content="文本" Width="50" Height="50" Cursor="Hand"> <RadioButton.Template> <ControlTemplate TargetType="RadioButton" > <Border Background="Transparent"> <TextBlock x:Name="txt" Background="Transparent" TextAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Foreground="#666666" FontSize="18" Text="{TemplateBinding Content}"></TextBlock> </Border> <ControlTemplate.Triggers> <Trigger Property="IsChecked" Value="true"> <Setter TargetName="txt" Property="Foreground" Value="red"></Setter> </Trigger> </ControlTemplate.Triggers> </ControlTemplate> </RadioButton.Template> </RadioButton> <RadioButton Content="箭头" Width="50" Height="50" Cursor="Hand"> <RadioButton.Template> <ControlTemplate TargetType="RadioButton" > <Border Background="Transparent"> <TextBlock x:Name="txt" Background="Transparent" TextAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Foreground="#666666" FontSize="18" Text="{TemplateBinding Content}"></TextBlock> </Border> <ControlTemplate.Triggers> <Trigger Property="IsChecked" Value="true"> <Setter TargetName="txt" Property="Foreground" Value="red"></Setter> </Trigger> </ControlTemplate.Triggers> </ControlTemplate> </RadioButton.Template> </RadioButton> <RadioButton Content="图片" Width="50" Height="50" Cursor="Hand"> <RadioButton.Template> <ControlTemplate TargetType="RadioButton" > <Border Background="Transparent"> <TextBlock x:Name="txt" Background="Transparent" TextAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Foreground="#666666" FontSize="18" Text="{TemplateBinding Content}"></TextBlock> </Border> <ControlTemplate.Triggers> <Trigger Property="IsChecked" Value="true"> <Setter TargetName="txt" Property="Foreground" Value="red"></Setter> </Trigger> </ControlTemplate.Triggers> </ControlTemplate> </RadioButton.Template> </RadioButton> <Border Margin="10,0,0,0" BorderThickness="1,0,0,0" BorderBrush="#999999"></Border> <Button Name="btn_upload" Margin="0,0,0,0" Content="上传" Width="50" Height="50" Cursor="Hand" Click="btn_upload_Click"> <Button.Template> <ControlTemplate TargetType="Button" > <Border Background="Transparent"> <TextBlock Background="Transparent" TextAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Foreground="#666666" FontSize="18" Text="{TemplateBinding Content}"></TextBlock> </Border> </ControlTemplate> </Button.Template> </Button> <Button Name="btn_close" Margin="0,0,0,0" Content="关闭" Width="50" Height="50" Cursor="Hand" Click="btn_close_Click"> <Button.Template> <ControlTemplate TargetType="Button" > <Border Background="Transparent"> <TextBlock Background="Transparent" TextAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" Foreground="#666666" FontSize="18" Text="{TemplateBinding Content}"></TextBlock> </Border> </ControlTemplate> </Button.Template> </Button> </StackPanel> </Border> </Window>
(2)、MainWindow.xaml.cs
using System.Windows; using System.Windows.Input; namespace WpfApp3 { /// <summary> /// MainWindow.xaml 的交互逻辑 /// </summary> public partial class MainWindow : Window { public MainWindow() { InitializeComponent(); } Point _pressedPosition; bool _isDragMoved = false; void Window_PreviewMouseLeftButtonDown(object sender, System.Windows.Input.MouseButtonEventArgs e) { _pressedPosition = e.GetPosition(this); } void Window_PreviewMouseMove(object sender, System.Windows.Input.MouseEventArgs e) { if (Mouse.LeftButton == MouseButtonState.Pressed && _pressedPosition != e.GetPosition(this)) { _isDragMoved = true; DragMove(); } } void Window_PreviewMouseLeftButtonUp(object sender, MouseButtonEventArgs e) { if (_isDragMoved) { _isDragMoved = false; e.Handled = true; } } private void btn_upload_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { MessageBox.Show("上传成功"); } private void btn_close_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { Close(); } } }
(3)、效果预览
总结
本文介绍了在窗口任意区域点击拖动的方法。简单的拖动是不可行的,往深一步探究,发现了巧妙的解决方法:在鼠标移动时触发拖动。但这也不是一蹴而就的,这是笔者曾经做项目经过了一定的探究最终得以实现,而本文呈现的是优化后的精简版本,易于实现也很好理解,即是所谓的大道至简。
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