Python Selenium网页自动化利器使用详解

pip install selenium

from selenium import webdriver
# 创建一个Chrome浏览器实例
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
# 打开网页
driver.get("https://www.example.com")
# 关闭浏览器
driver.quit()

# 通过ID定位元素
element = driver.find_element_by_id("element_id")
# 通过类名定位元素
element = driver.find_element_by_class_name("element_class")
# 通过标签名定位元素
element = driver.find_element_by_tag_name("element_tag")
# 通过XPath定位元素
element = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@class='example']")

# 点击元素
element.click()
# 输入文本
element.send_keys("Hello, Selenium!")
# 获取元素文本内容
text = element.text

# 输入文本到文本框
text_input = driver.find_element_by_name("username")
text_input.send_keys("my_username")
# 选择单选框
radio_button = driver.find_element_by_id("radio_button_id")
radio_button.click()
# 选择复选框
checkbox = driver.find_element_by_name("agree_checkbox")
checkbox.click()
# 选择下拉框选项
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select
select = Select(driver.find_element_by_id("dropdown_id"))
select.select_by_visible_text("Option 2")

# 执行JavaScript代码
driver.execute_script("alert('Hello, Selenium!');")

# 获取当前窗口句柄
current_window = driver.current_window_handle
# 获取所有窗口句柄
all_windows = driver.window_handles
# 切换到另一个窗口
driver.switch_to.window(another_window)

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
# 隐式等待
driver.implicitly_wait(10)  # 最多等待10秒
# 显式等待
wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 10)
element = wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, "element_id")))

# 前进
driver.forward()
# 后退
driver.back()
# 刷新
driver.refresh()

# 获取弹出框
alert = driver.switch_to.alert
# 获取弹出框文本
alert_text = alert.text
# 接受弹出框（点击确定按钮）
alert.accept()
# 取消弹出框（点击取消按钮）
alert.dismiss()

from selenium import webdriver
# 创建一个Chrome浏览器实例
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
# 打开登录页面
driver.get("https://www.example.com/login")
# 定位用户名和密码输入框
username_input = driver.find_element_by_name("username")
password_input = driver.find_element_by_name("password")
# 输入用户名和密码
username_input.send_keys("my_username")
password_input.send_keys("my_password")
# 提交表单
login_button = driver.find_element_by_id("login_button")
login_button.click()
# 等待登录完成
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 10)
wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, "user_profile")))
# 登录成功后的操作
# ...
# 关闭浏览器
driver.quit()