利用Python实现网络运维自动化的实战案例

import paramiko

# 定义网络设备信息
devices = [
    {'hostname': 'router1', 'ip': '192.168.1.1', 'username': 'admin', 'password': 'password' },
    {'hostname': 'switch1', 'ip': '192.168.1.2', 'username': 'admin', 'password': 'password' }
]

# 定义函数来配置单个设备
def configure_device(device, commands):
    ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
    ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
    ssh.connect(device['ip'], username=device['username'], password=device['password'])
    for command in commands:
        ssh.exec_command(command)
    ssh.close()

# 定义配置命令
commands = [
    'interface GigabitEthernet0/1',
    'description Connected to Server',
    'ip address 192.168.1.10 255.255.255.0',
    'no shutdown'
]

# 针对每一个设备应用配置
for device in devices:
    configure_device(device, commands)

from pysnmp.hlapi import *

# 定义函数来通过SNMP获取设备信息
def snmp_get(device_ip, oid):
    errorIndication, errorStatus, errorIndex, varBinds = next(
        getCmd(SnmpEngine(),
               CommunityData('public', mpModel=0),  # 这里的'public'是SNMP团体名，请替换为实际的团体名
               UdpTransportTarget((device_ip, 161)),
               ContextData(),
               ObjectType(ObjectIdentity(oid)))
    )
    if errorIndication:
        print(errorIndication)  # 打印错误信息
    else:
        for varBind in varBinds:
            print(varBind)  # 打印获取到的信息

# 使用示例：获取设备描述信息
snmp_get('192.168.1.1', '1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0')  

import os

# 定义函数来检测设备的连通性
def check_ping(device_ip):
    response = os.system("ping -c 3 " + device_ip)  # 发送3个ICMP回显请求
    if response == 0:
        print(device_ip, 'is up!')  # 如果收到回复，说明设备在线
    else:
        print(device_ip, 'is down!')  # 如果没有收到回复，说明设备不在线

# 使用示例：检测设备连通性
check_ping('192.168.1.1')