Nginx通过nginx-rtmp-module模块搭建流媒体服务器实现直播

准备篇

CentOS 7.x默认使用的是firewall作为防火墙，这里改为iptables防火墙。

1、关闭firewall

systemctl stop firewalld.service #停止firewall
systemctl disable firewalld.service #禁止firewall开机启动
systemctl mask firewalld
systemctl stop firewalld
yum remove firewalld

2、安装iptables防火墙

RTMP基于TCP， 默认使用端口1935，再开放81端口

yum install iptables-services #安装
vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables #编辑防火墙配置文件

# sample configuration for iptables service
# you can edit this manually or use system-config-firewall
# please do not ask us to add additional ports/services to this default configuration
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
-A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 81 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 1935 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
COMMIT
:wq! #保存退出

systemctl restart iptables.service #最后重启防火墙使配置生效
systemctl enable iptables.service #设置防火墙开机启动
/usr/libexec/iptables/iptables.init restart #重启防火墙

3、关闭SELINUX

vi /etc/selinux/config
#SELINUX=enforcing #注释掉
#SELINUXTYPE=targeted #注释掉
SELINUX=disabled #增加
:wq! #保存退出
setenforce 0 #使配置立即生效

4、软件包下载

4.1、nginx-rtmp-module #nginx流媒体插件

https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module

https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module/archive/master.zip

https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module/archive/refs/tags/v1.2.2.tar.gz

4.2、ngx_cache_purge

http://labs.frickle.com/files/ngx_cache_purge-2.3.tar.gz

4.3、openssl

https://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.1.1w.tar.gz

4.4、pcre

https://sourceforge.net/projects/pcre/files/pcre/8.45/pcre-8.45.tar.gz/download

4.5、zlib

https://www.zlib.net/zlib-1.3.tar.gz

4.6、nginx

https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.24.0.tar.gz

5、创建安装路径

nginx安装包存放目录：mkdir -p /data/server/nginx/packages

nginx安装目录：mkdir -p /data/server/nginx

nginx扩展安装目录：mkdir -p /data/server/nginx/install

安装篇

1、安装编译工具包

yum install make gcc gcc-c++ perl zlib-devel

2、安装nginx

2.1安装pcre

cd /data/server/nginx/packages

mkdir -p /data/server/nginx/install/pcre

tar zxvf pcre-8.45.tar.gz

cd pcre-8.45

./configure --prefix=/data/server/nginx/install/pcre

make

make install

2.2安装zlib

cd /data/server/nginx/packages

mkdir -p /data/server/nginx/install/zlib

tar zxvf zlib-1.3.tar.gz

cd zlib-1.3

./configure --prefix=/data/server/nginx/install/zlib

make

make install

2.3安装openssl

cd /data/server/nginx/packages

mkdir -p /data/server/nginx/install/openssl

tar zxvf openssl-1.1.1w.tar.gz

cd openssl-1.1.1w

./config -fPIC shared zlib --prefix=/data/server/nginx/install/openssl

make

make install

2.4安装nginx

nginx默认运行账号和组是Linux系统的内置账号和组nobody

groupadd www

useradd -g www www -s /bin/false

cd /data/server/nginx/packages

tar zxvf ngx_cache_purge-2.3.tar.gz #加载ngx_cache_purge模块

tar zxvf nginx-rtmp-module-1.2.2.tar.gz #加载nginx-rtmp-module模块

tar zxvf nginx-1.24.0.tar.gz

cd nginx-1.24.0

./configure --prefix=/data/server/nginx --user=www --group=www --without-http_memcached_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_v2_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_realip_module --with-stream --with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module --http-client-body-temp-path=/data/server/nginx/client --http-proxy-temp-path=/data/server/nginx/proxy --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/data/server/nginx/fcgi --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/data/server/nginx/uwsgi --with-openssl=/data/server/nginx/packages/openssl-1.1.1w --with-zlib=/data/server/nginx/packages/zlib-1.3 --with-pcre=/data/server/nginx/packages/pcre-8.45 --add-module=../ngx_cache_purge-2.3 --add-module=../nginx-rtmp-module-1.2.2

注意：--with-openssl=/data/server/nginx/packages/openssl-1.1.1w --with-zlib=/data/server/nginx/packages/zlib-1.3 --with-pcre=/data/server/nginx/packages/pcre-8.45指向的是源码包解压的路径，而不是安装的路径，否则会报错。

make

make install

/data/server/nginx/sbin/nginx #启动Nginx

#查看nginx版本和安装模块信息

/data/server/nginx/sbin/nginx -V

/data/server/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop #关闭Nginx

2.5配置nginx启动脚本

vi /data/server/nginx/nginx.sh

#!/bin/bash
NGINX_PATH="/data/server/nginx/sbin/nginx"
PID_FILE="/data/server/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
function start_nginx() {
if [ -f $PID_FILE ]; then
echo "Nginx is already running."
else
echo "Starting Nginx..."
$NGINX_PATH
echo "Nginx started."
fi
}
function stop_nginx() {
if [ -f $PID_FILE ]; then
echo "Stopping Nginx..."
$NGINX_PATH -s stop
echo "Nginx stopped."
else
echo "Nginx is not running."
fi
}
function restart_nginx() {
if [ -f $PID_FILE ]; then
echo "Restarting Nginx..."
$NGINX_PATH -s stop
sleep 1
$NGINX_PATH
echo "Nginx restarted."
else
echo "Nginx is not running. Starting it now..."
$NGINX_PATH
echo "Nginx started."
fi
}
function reload_nginx() {
if [ -f $PID_FILE ]; then
echo "Reloading Nginx configuration..."
$NGINX_PATH -s reload
echo "Nginx configuration reloaded."
else
echo "Nginx is not running. Cannot reload the configuration."
fi
}
function status_nginx() {
if [ -f $PID_FILE ]; then
echo "Nginx is running with PID $(cat $PID_FILE)."
else
echo "Nginx is stopped."
fi
}
case "$1" in
start)
start_nginx
;;
stop)
stop_nginx
;;
restart)
restart_nginx
;;
reload)
reload_nginx
;;
status)
status_nginx
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload|status}"
exit 1
;;
esac

:wq! #保存退出

#添加执行权限

chmod +x /data/server/nginx/nginx.sh

sh /data/server/nginx/nginx.sh start #启动

配置篇

1、创建目录

mkdir -p /data/video/vod #视频点播文件存放目录

mkdir -p /data/video/videolive #视频直播文件存放目录

mkdir -p /data/video/live

mkdir -p /data/video/tmp/hls

上传视频文件到相应目录

/data/video/vod/vod.mp4

/data/video/videolive/videolive.mp4

chown www.www -R /data/video/ #设置目录权限

2、配置nginx.conf文件，添加rtmp模块

#备份文件配置

cp /data/server/nginx/conf/nginx.conf /data/server/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.bak

vi /data/server/nginx/conf/nginx.conf #编辑，添加配置 注意：rtmp配置和http是平级的

#在最后一行的“}” 上面添加以下代码

server {

listen 81;

root /data/video/tmp/hls;

index index.html;

location / {

types {

application/vnd.apple.mpegurl m3u8;

video/mp2t ts;

}

expires -1;

}

}

#在最后一行的“}” 下面添加以下代码

#rtmp config

rtmp {

server {

listen 1935;

chunk_size 4096;

application live {

live on;

record off;

}

application videolive {

live on;

record off;

play /data/video/videolive/;

}

application vod {

play /data/video/vod/;

}

application hls {

live on;

hls on;

hls_path /data/video/tmp/hls;

hls_fragment 5s;

}

}

}

sh /data/server/nginx/nginx.sh restart #重启

测试篇

1、在同一网段的终端电脑上安装VLC播放器

下载地址：http://www.videolan.org/

安装完成后打开播放器-媒体-打开网络串流-网络，添加地址

rtmp://192.168.30.6:1935/vod/vod.mp4

rtmp://192.168.30.6:1935/videolive/videolive.mp4

即可播放视频

2、安装OBS Studio或者EV录屏软件，设置好直播画面

2.1添加rtmp直播源

rtmp://192.168.30.6:1935/live

在VLC播放器添加地址

rtmp://192.168.30.6:1935/live

就能观看直播了

2.2添加hls直播源

rtmp://192.168.30.6:1935/hls/mystream

在VLC播放器添加地址

http://192.168.30.6:81/mystream.m3u8

就能观看直播了

在移动端手机浏览器里面可以直接打开这个链接观看，手机浏览器内置了对HLS协议的支持。

Safari浏览器默认也可以直接打开m3u8格式的视频。

至此，Nginx通过nginx-rtmp-module模块搭建流媒体服务器实现直播完成。     

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