CXVI. Process Control Functions

简介

Process Control support in PHP implements the Unix style of process creation, program execution, signal handling and process termination. Process Control should not be enabled within a webserver environment and unexpected results may happen if any Process Control functions are used within a webserver environment.

This documentation is intended to explain the general usage of each of the Process Control functions. For detailed information about Unix process control you are encouraged to consult your systems documentation including fork(2), waitpid(2) and signal(2) or a comprehensive reference such as Advanced Programming in the UNIX Environment by W. Richard Stevens (Addison-Wesley).

PCNTL now uses ticks as the signal handle callback mechanism, which is much faster than the previous mechanism. This change follows the same semantics as using "user ticks". You use the declare() statement to specify the locations in your program where callbacks are allowed to occur. This allows you to minimize the overhead of handling asynchronous events. In the past, compiling PHP with pcntl enabled would always incur this overhead, whether or not your script actually used pcntl.

There is one adjustment that all pcntl scripts prior to PHP 4.3.0 must make for them to work which is to either to use declare() on a section where you wish to allow callbacks or to just enable it across the entire script using the new global syntax of declare().

注: 本扩展模块在 Windows 平台下不可用。

需求

要编译本扩展模块不需要外部库文件。

安装

Process Control support in PHP is not enabled by default. You have to compile the CGI or CLI version of PHP with --enable-pcntl configuration option when compiling PHP to enable Process Control support.

注: Currently, this module will not function on non-Unix platforms (Windows).

运行时配置

本扩展模块在 php.ini 中未定义任何配置选项。

资源类型

本扩展模块未定义任何资源类型。

预定义常量

The following list of signals are supported by the Process Control functions. Please see your systems signal(7) man page for details of the default behavior of these signals.

WNOHANG (integer)
WUNTRACED (integer)
SIG_IGN (integer)
SIG_DFL (integer)
SIG_ERR (integer)
SIGHUP (integer)
SIGINT (integer)
SIGQUIT (integer)
SIGILL (integer)
SIGTRAP (integer)
SIGABRT (integer)
SIGIOT (integer)
SIGBUS (integer)
SIGFPE (integer)
SIGKILL (integer)
SIGUSR1 (integer)
SIGSEGV (integer)
SIGUSR2 (integer)
SIGPIPE (integer)
SIGALRM (integer)
SIGTERM (integer)
SIGSTKFLT (integer)
SIGCLD (integer)
SIGCHLD (integer)
SIGCONT (integer)
SIGSTOP (integer)
SIGTSTP (integer)
SIGTTIN (integer)
SIGTTOU (integer)
SIGURG (integer)
SIGXCPU (integer)
SIGXFSZ (integer)
SIGVTALRM (integer)
SIGPROF (integer)
SIGWINCH (integer)
SIGPOLL (integer)
SIGIO (integer)
SIGPWR (integer)
SIGSYS (integer)
SIGBABY (integer)

范例

This example forks off a daemon process with a signal handler.

例子 1. Process Control Example


<?php
declare(ticks=1);

$pid = pcntl_fork();
if ($pid == -1) {
     die("could not fork"); 
} else if ($pid) {
     exit(); // we are the parent 
} else {
     // we are the child
}

// detatch from the controlling terminal
if (!posix_setsid()) {
    die("could not detach from terminal");
}

// loop forever performing tasks
while (1) {

    // do something interesting here

}

function sig_handler($signo) 
{

     switch ($signo) {
         case SIGTERM:
             // handle shutdown tasks
             exit;
             break;
         case SIGHUP:
             // handle restart tasks
             break;
         default:
             // handle all other signals
     }

}

// setup signal handlers
pcntl_signal(SIGTERM, "sig_handler");
pcntl_signal(SIGHUP, "sig_handler");

?>

参见

A look at the section about POSIX functions may be useful.

目录
pcntl_alarm -- Set an alarm clock for delivery of a signal
pcntl_exec -- Executes specified program in current process space
pcntl_fork -- Forks the currently running process
pcntl_getpriority -- Get the priority of any process
pcntl_setpriority -- Change the priority of any process
pcntl_signal -- Installs a signal handler
pcntl_wait -- Waits on or returns the status of a forked child
pcntl_waitpid -- Waits on or returns the status of a forked child
pcntl_wexitstatus -- Returns the return code of a terminated child
pcntl_wifexited -- Returns TRUE if status code represents a successful exit
pcntl_wifsignaled -- Returns TRUE if status code represents a termination due to a signal
pcntl_wifstopped -- Returns TRUE if child process is currently stopped
pcntl_wstopsig -- Returns the signal which caused the child to stop
pcntl_wtermsig -- Returns the signal which caused the child to terminate