Visual Basic Scripting Edition | 语言参考 |
FileSystemObject 示例代码在本节描述的示例代码,提供真实的例子来示范在 FileSystemObject 对象模式中可用的许多功能。该代码显示了如何一起使用对象模式的所有功能,以及如何在您自己的代码中有效地使用这些功能。 请注意,由于该代码是极一般的,所以要使该代码能够真正在您的机器上运行,可能需要一些其他代码和小小的变更。这些改变之所以必要,是因为在 Active Server Pages 和 Windows Scripting Host 之间,为输入和输出给用户采用了不同的方法。 要在 Active Server Pages 上运行该代码,则采取以下步骤: 创建一个标准的 Web 页,后缀名为 .asp。 把下面的示例代码复制到 <BODY>...</BODY> 标记之间的文件中。 把所有代码包装器到 <%...%> 标记内。 把 Option Explicit 语句从当前位置移动到 HTML 页的最顶部,甚至在 <HTML> 开始标记前。 把 <%...%> 标记放置在 Option Explicit 语句周围,以保证它在服务器端运行。 把下面的代码添加到示例代码末尾: Sub Print(x)
Response.Write "<PRE><FONT FACE="" 宋体"" SIZE=""1"">" Response.Write x Response.Write "</FONT></PRE>" End Sub Main
前面的代码增加一个将在服务器端运行,但在客户端显示结果的打印过程。要在 Windows Scripting Host 上运行该代码,则把下面的代码添加到示例代码的末尾: Sub Print(x)
WScript.Echo x End Sub Main
下面就是示例代码: ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
' FileSystemObject 示例代码
'Copyright 1998 Microsoft Corporation 。 保留所有权利。 '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' Option Explicit '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ' 对于代码质量:
' 1) 下面的代码有许多字符串操作,用"&" 运算符来把短字符串连接在一起。由于
' 字符串连接是费时的,所以这是一种低效率的写代码方法。无论如何,它是
' 一种非常好维护的写代码方法,并且在这儿使用了这种方法,因为该程序执行
' 大量的磁盘操作,而磁盘操作比连接字符串所需的内存操作要慢得多。
' 记住这是示范代码,而不是产品代码。
' ' 2) 使用了 "Option Explicit" ,因为访问声明过的变量,比访问未声明的变量要
' 稍微快一些。它还能阻止在代码中发生错误,例如,把 DriveTypeCDROM 误拼
' 成了 DriveTypeCDORM 。
' ' 3) 为了使代码更可读,该代码中没有错误处理。虽然采取了防范措施,来保证代码
' 在普通情况下没有错误,但文件系统是不可预知的。在产品代码中,使用
' On Error Resume Next 和 Err 对象来捕获可能发生的错误。
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ' 一些容易取得的全局变量
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' Dim TabStop Dim NewLine Const TestDrive ="C" Const TestFilePath ="C:\Test" '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ' 由 Drive.DriveType 返回的常数
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' Const DriveTypeRemovable =1 Const DriveTypeFixed =2 Const DriveTypeNetwork =3 Const DriveTypeCDROM =4 Const DriveTypeRAMDisk =5 '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ' 由 File.Attributes 返回的常数
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' Const FileAttrNormal =0 Const FileAttrReadOnly =1 Const FileAttrHidden =2 Const FileAttrSystem =4 Const FileAttrVolume =8 Const FileAttrDirectory =16 Const FileAttrArchive =32 Const FileAttrAlias =64 Const FileAttrCompressed =128 '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ' 用来打开文件的常数
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' Const OpenFileForReading =1 Const OpenFileForWriting =2 Const OpenFileForAppending =8 '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ' ShowDriveType ' 目的: ' 生成一个字符串,来描述给定 Drive 对象的驱动器类型。
' 示范下面的内容
' - Drive.DriveType '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' Function ShowDriveType(Drive) Dim S
Select Case Drive.DriveType
Case DriveTypeRemovable
S ="Removable"
Case DriveTypeFixed
S ="Fixed"
Case DriveTypeNetwork
S ="Network"
Case DriveTypeCDROM
S ="CD-ROM"
Case DriveTypeRAMDisk
S ="RAM Disk"
Case Else
S ="Unknown"
End Select ShowDriveType =S End Function ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
' ShowFileAttr ' 目的: ' 生成一个字符串,来描述文件或文件夹的属性。
' 示范下面的内容
' - File.Attributes ' - Folder.Attributes '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' Function ShowFileAttr(File) ' File 可以是文件或文件夹 Dim S Dim Attr
Attr =File.Attributes If Attr =0 Then
ShowFileAttr ="Normal"
Exit Function
End If If Attr And FileAttrDirectory Then S =S & "Directory "
If Attr And FileAttrReadOnly Then S =S & "Read-Only "
If Attr And FileAttrHidden Then S =S & "Hidden "
If Attr And FileAttrSystem Then S =S & "System "
If Attr And FileAttrVolume Then S =S & "Volume "
If Attr And FileAttrArchive Then S =S & "Archive "
If Attr And FileAttrAlias Then S =S & "Alias "
If Attr And FileAttrCompressed Then S =S & "Compressed " ShowFileAttr =S End Function ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
' GenerateDriveInformation ' 目的: ' 生成一个字符串,来描述可用驱动器的当前状态。
' 示范下面的内容
' - FileSystemObject.Drives ' - Iterating the Drives collection ' - Drives.Count ' - Drive.AvailableSpace ' - Drive.DriveLetter ' - Drive.DriveType ' - Drive.FileSystem ' - Drive.FreeSpace ' - Drive.IsReady ' - Drive.Path ' - Drive.SerialNumber ' - Drive.ShareName ' - Drive.TotalSize ' - Drive.VolumeName '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' Function GenerateDriveInformation(FSO) Dim Drives Dim Drive
Dim S Set Drives =FSO.Drives
S ="Number of drives:" & TabStop & Drives.Count & NewLine & NewLine ' 构造报告的第一行。
S =S & String(2, TabStop) & "Drive"
S =S & String(3, TabStop) & "File"
S =S & TabStop & "Total"
S =S & TabStop & "Free"
S =S & TabStop & "Available"
S =S & TabStop & "Serial" & NewLine ' 构造报告的第二行。
S =S & "Letter"
S =S & TabStop & "Path"
S =S & TabStop & "Type"
S =S & TabStop & "Ready?"
S =S & TabStop & "Name"
S =S & TabStop & "System"
S =S & TabStop & "Space"
S =S & TabStop & "Space"
S =S & TabStop & "Space"
S =S & TabStop & "Number" & NewLine ' 分隔行。
S =S & String(105, "-") & NewLine For Each Drive In Drives
S =S & Drive.DriveLetter
S =S & TabStop & Drive.Path
S =S & TabStop & ShowDriveType(Drive)
S =S & TabStop & Drive.IsReady If Drive.IsReady Then
If DriveTypeNetwork =Drive.DriveType Then
S =S & TabStop & Drive.ShareName
Else
S =S & TabStop & Drive.VolumeName
End If
S =S & TabStop & Drive.FileSystem
S =S & TabStop & Drive.TotalSize
S =S & TabStop & Drive.FreeSpace
S =S & TabStop & Drive.AvailableSpace
S =S & TabStop & Hex(Drive.SerialNumber)
End If S =S & NewLine Next GenerateDriveInformation =S End Function ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
' GenerateFileInformation ' 目的: ' 生成一个字符串,来描述文件的当前状态。
' 示范下面的内容
' - File.Path ' - File.Name ' - File.Type ' - File.DateCreated ' - File.DateLastAccessed ' - File.DateLastModified ' - File.Size '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' Function GenerateFileInformation(File) Dim S S =NewLine & "Path:" & TabStop & File.Path S =S & NewLine & "Name:" & TabStop & File.Name
S =S & NewLine & "Type:" & TabStop & File.Type
S =S & NewLine & "Attribs:" & TabStop & ShowFileAttr(File)
S =S & NewLine & "Created:" & TabStop & File.DateCreated
S =S & NewLine & "Accessed:" & TabStop & File.DateLastAccessed
S =S & NewLine & "Modified:" & TabStop & File.DateLastModified
S =S & NewLine & "Size" & TabStop & File.Size & NewLine GenerateFileInformation =S End Function ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
' GenerateFolderInformation ' 目的: ' 生成一个字符串,来描述文件夹的当前状态。
' 示范下面的内容
' - Folder.Path ' - Folder.Name ' - Folder.DateCreated ' - Folder.DateLastAccessed ' - Folder.DateLastModified ' - Folder.Size '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' Function GenerateFolderInformation(Folder) Dim S S ="Path:" & TabStop & Folder.Path S =S & NewLine & "Name:" & TabStop & Folder.Name
S =S & NewLine & "Attribs:" & TabStop & ShowFileAttr(Folder)
S =S & NewLine & "Created:" & TabStop & Folder.DateCreated
S =S & NewLine & "Accessed:" & TabStop & Folder.DateLastAccessed
S =S & NewLine & "Modified:" & TabStop & Folder.DateLastModified
S =S & NewLine & "Size:" & TabStop & Folder.Size & NewLine GenerateFolderInformation =S End Function ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
' GenerateAllFolderInformation ' 目的: ' 生成一个字符串,来描述一个文件夹和所有文件及子文件夹的当前状态。
' 示范下面的内容
' - Folder.Path ' - Folder.SubFolders ' - Folders.Count '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' Function GenerateAllFolderInformation(Folder) Dim S Dim SubFolders
Dim SubFolder
Dim Files
Dim File S ="Folder:" & TabStop & Folder.Path & NewLine & NewLine
Set Files =Folder.Files If 1 =Files.Count Then
S =S & "There is 1 file" & NewLine
Else
S =S & "There are " & Files.Count & " files" & NewLine
End If If Files.Count <> 0 Then
For Each File In Files
S =S & GenerateFileInformation(File)
Next
End If Set SubFolders =Folder.SubFolders If 1 =SubFolders.Count Then
S =S & NewLine & "There is 1 sub folder" & NewLine & NewLine
Else
S =S & NewLine & "There are " & SubFolders.Count & " sub folders" & NewLine & NewLine
End If If SubFolders.Count <> 0 Then
For Each SubFolder In SubFolders
S =S & GenerateFolderInformation(SubFolder)
Next
S =S & NewLine
For Each SubFolder In SubFolders
S =S & GenerateAllFolderInformation(SubFolder)
Next
End If GenerateAllFolderInformation =S End Function ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
' GenerateTestInformation ' 目的: ' 生成一个字符串,来描述 C:\Test 文件夹和所有文件及子文件夹的当前状态。
' 示范下面的内容
' - FileSystemObject.DriveExists ' - FileSystemObject.FolderExists ' - FileSystemObject.GetFolder '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' Function GenerateTestInformation(FSO) Dim TestFolder Dim S If Not FSO.DriveExists(TestDrive) Then Exit Function
If Not FSO.FolderExists(TestFilePath) Then Exit Function Set TestFolder =FSO.GetFolder(TestFilePath) GenerateTestInformation =GenerateAllFolderInformation(TestFolder) End Function ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
' DeleteTestDirectory ' 目的: ' 清理 test 目录。
' 示范下面的内容
' - FileSystemObject.GetFolder ' - FileSystemObject.DeleteFile ' - FileSystemObject.DeleteFolder ' - Folder.Delete ' - File.Delete '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' Sub DeleteTestDirectory(FSO) Dim TestFolder Dim SubFolder
Dim File
' 有两种方法可用来删除文件: FSO.DeleteFile(TestFilePath & "\Beatles\OctopusGarden.txt") Set File =FSO.GetFile(TestFilePath & "\Beatles\BathroomWindow.txt")
File.Delete ' 有两种方法可用来删除文件夹:
FSO.DeleteFolder(TestFilePath & "\Beatles")
FSO.DeleteFile(TestFilePath & "\ReadMe.txt")
Set TestFolder =FSO.GetFolder(TestFilePath)
TestFolder.Delete End Sub ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
' CreateLyrics ' 目的: ' 在文件夹中创建两个文本文件。
' 示范下面的内容
' - FileSystemObject.CreateTextFile ' - TextStream.WriteLine ' - TextStream.Write ' - TextStream.WriteBlankLines ' - TextStream.Close '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' Sub CreateLyrics(Folder) Dim TextStream Set TextStream =Folder.CreateTextFile("OctopusGarden.txt")
TextStream.Write("Octopus' Garden ") ' 请注意,该语句不添加换行到文件中。
TextStream.WriteLine("(by Ringo Starr)")
TextStream.WriteBlankLines(1)
TextStream.WriteLine("I'd like to be under the sea in an octopus' garden in the shade,")
TextStream.WriteLine("He'd let us in, knows where we've been -- in his octopus' garden in the shade.")
TextStream.WriteBlankLines(2)
TextStream.Close Set TextStream =Folder.CreateTextFile("BathroomWindow.txt")
TextStream.WriteLine("She Came In Through The Bathroom Window (by Lennon/McCartney)")
TextStream.WriteLine("")
TextStream.WriteLine("She came in through the bathroom window protected by a silver spoon")
TextStream.WriteLine("But now she sucks her thumb and wanders by the banks of her own lagoon")
TextStream.WriteBlankLines(2)
TextStream.Close End Sub ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
' GetLyrics ' 目的: ' 显示 lyrics 文件的内容。
' 示范下面的内容
' - FileSystemObject.OpenTextFile ' - FileSystemObject.GetFile ' - TextStream.ReadAll ' - TextStream.Close ' - File.OpenAsTextStream ' - TextStream.AtEndOfStream ' - TextStream.ReadLine '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' Function GetLyrics(FSO) Dim TextStream Dim S
Dim File ' 有多种方法可用来打开一个文本文件,和多种方法来从文件读取数据。
' 这儿用了两种方法来打开文件和读取文件: Set TextStream =FSO.OpenTextFile(TestFilePath & "\Beatles\OctopusGarden.txt", OpenFileForReading)
S =TextStream.ReadAll & NewLine & NewLine
TextStream.Close Set File =FSO.GetFile(TestFilePath & "\Beatles\BathroomWindow.txt")
Set TextStream =File.OpenAsTextStream(OpenFileForReading)
Do While Not TextStream.AtEndOfStream
S =S & TextStream.ReadLine & NewLine
Loop
TextStream.Close GetLyrics =S
End Function '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ' BuildTestDirectory ' 目的: ' 创建一个目录分层结构来示范 FileSystemObject 。
' 以这样的次序来创建分层结构:
' C:\Test ' C:\Test\ReadMe.txt ' C:\Test\Beatles ' C:\Test\Beatles\OctopusGarden.txt ' C:\Test\Beatles\BathroomWindow.txt ' 示范下面的内容
' - FileSystemObject.DriveExists ' - FileSystemObject.FolderExists ' - FileSystemObject.CreateFolder ' - FileSystemObject.CreateTextFile ' - Folders.Add ' - Folder.CreateTextFile ' - TextStream.WriteLine ' - TextStream.Close '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' Function BuildTestDirectory(FSO) Dim TestFolder Dim SubFolders
Dim SubFolder
Dim TextStream
' 排除(a) 驱动器不存在,或(b) 要创建的目录已经存在的情况。 If Not FSO.DriveExists(TestDrive) Then
BuildTestDirectory =False
Exit Function
End If If FSO.FolderExists(TestFilePath) Then
BuildTestDirectory =False
Exit Function
End If Set TestFolder =FSO.CreateFolder(TestFilePath) Set TextStream =FSO.CreateTextFile(TestFilePath & "\ReadMe.txt")
TextStream.WriteLine("My song lyrics collection")
TextStream.Close Set SubFolders =TestFolder.SubFolders
Set SubFolder =SubFolders.Add("Beatles")
CreateLyrics SubFolder
BuildTestDirectory =True End Function ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
' 主程序' 首先,它创建一个 test 目录,以及一些子文件夹和文件。 ' 然后,它转储有关可用磁盘驱动器和 test 目录的某些信息,
' 最后,清除 test 目录及其所有内容。
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' Sub Main Dim FSO ' 设立全局变量。
TabStop =Chr(9)
NewLine =Chr(10)
Set FSO =CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject") If Not BuildTestDirectory(FSO) Then
Print "Test directory already exists or cannot be created. Cannot continue."
Exit Sub
End If Print GenerateDriveInformation(FSO) & NewLine & NewLine
Print GenerateTestInformation(FSO) & NewLine & NewLine
Print GetLyrics(FSO) & NewLine & NewLine
DeleteTestDirectory(FSO) End Sub
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